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                  <text>The Independent Press Association (IPA) translates articles from the ethnic press (when necessary) and distributes them via web and fax newsletter to mainstream and ethnic press, government offices, nonprofits, and interested individuals.  Voices That Must be Heard was designed by the Independent Press Association staff in New York City in response to the horrifying events of September 11.  After Sept. 11th, Voices focused on the South Asian, Arab and Middle Eastern communities in New York. Since February 2002, the project has expanded, selecting articles from the broad range of ethnic and community newspapers throughout the city. Here, the Archive has preserved the Voices collection from its inception until November 2002.</text>
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              <text>African-Americans and their Caribbean counterparts were scrambling last Thursday at SEIU Local 1199 Manhattan headquarters to hop aboard Gov. George Patakis already overcrowded re-election bandwagon before it leaves town without them.

Speaker after speaker glorified the governor as an effective leader and touted his record of achievements; specifically, his leadership in making health care more accessible to all New York families.  

Patakis dedication to the needs of small businesses and minority business owners across the Empire State was highlighted, as well as efforts to provide them with resources to bolster economic development.

Those who jumped on the Pataki bandwagon last Thursday were representatives from the broad and diverse support base of the governor, which he secured as a result of policies that resonate with people across the Empire State.

They also came from a wide variety of backgrounds, including business, education, law, law enforcement, medicine, journalism and the clergy.

Detective Jacqueline Parris, president of the 6,500-member Guardians Association, a fraternal group of Black police officers, said the organizations endorsement of the governor is based on a whole list of issues.

Parris cited Patakis outspoken support of police officers and his dedication to fighting crime.  She added that the governors programs, such as expanding access to affordable housing and quality healthcare, are also of great importance to the Guardians Association.
Parris said that Pataki has been a strong leader for the Guardians and all New Yorkers, and that the association is confident that, if re-elected, the governor would do more.

Speaking for Patakis West Indian supporters, Dr. Roy Hastick Sr., president of the Caribbean American Chamber of Commerce and Industry, said he was impressed by the strong backing shown for the governor. 

Gov. Pataki has made a big difference for all New Yorkers due to his record of investment in education, providing thousands of New Yorkers with access to affordable housing and health care, and making the right decisions to grow our economy and create jobs, Hastick said.

Organizers of last Thursdays endorsement said it was a continuation of the drumbeat of unified and diverse support for the governor that started two Saturdays ago when he formally threw his hat into the ring for re-election.</text>
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              <text>Americans are taking out their anger about September 11th, 2001, in Sept. 2002. Last weekend three white men beat up a mother and her 15-year-old son in Long Island. And Maulana Shah Wazir Khan, of the Tehreeki Forum, was driving his yellow cab 
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              <text>Long Island Pakistani family beaten badly; Muslim cleric attacked twice in September 11th anniversary hate crimes, by Mohsin Zaheer, Sada-e-Pakistan. 12 September, 2002. Translated from Urdu by Rehan Ansari. 

Americans are taking out their anger about September 11th, 2001, in Sept. 2002. Last weekend three white men beat up a mother and her 15-year-old son in Long Island. According to police, the attackers told the victims they were terrorists, responsible for the WTC collapse, and partners of Osama bin Laden. The attackers fled the scenetwo were later arrested. The police have called it a hate crime, and arrested two people in connection with it. 

Mahmooda Malik, 37, a restaurant owner, was walking home with her 15-year-old son Gibran around 11:45 p.m., when three young white males approached them and started taunting and screaming. 

Another group of men witnessing the event encouraged the attackers.

When Mahmooda screamed for help, her husband, who was closing up inside the 
restaurant, heard her and called the police. Before the police came, the attackers had fled. Three young men came by later to retrieve a pair of glasses. The family recognized them; police officers were still present and two men were arrested. They were later released on a bail of $100.

Maulana Shah Wazir Khan, of the Tehreeki Forum, was driving his yellow cab 
between 11:00 p.m. and midnight towards the Queensboro Bridge when motorcyclists surrounded his car. 

A motorcyclist, driving slowly in front of his cab, forced him to stop. Then two men and a woman pulled Khan from his car and beat him. A passing police patrol saw the incident and immediately intervened and arrested the attackers, and called an ambulance. 

Khan was discharged from the Bellevue Hospital the next morning.

Two weeks ago, Khan was attacked by three white men who got in his cab as passengers. Luckily for him, they began to attack while he was near a gas station; Khan was able to drive there and the attackers fled the cab.</text>
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              <text>The Justice Departments decision to give cash rewards to individuals for information about terrorists linked to Osama bin Ladens Al Qaeda network is prompting FBI action against scores of innocent individuals, leaders of Arab and Muslim communities here say.

Recent raids on the residences of Muslim and Arab families in Brooklyn and other parts of New York City suggest that in many cases such actions were the result of tips from individuals who wanted to settle personal scores with their opponents.

Recently, a US district judge sentenced Jack Parry, a 38 year-old Brooklyn resident, to a two year imprisonment for providing false information about his wifes boss, who is an Arab immigrant. Parry portrayed him as a terrorist involved in the planning of the September 11 attacks. 
Parry admitted his guilt before the federal judge who, following the guidelines from the Justice Department, announced the sentence would be three times harsher than in the past.

Last Saturday night, in a similar incident in Queens, a Pakistani immigrant led a Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) team to raid the house of a religious leader and a local mosque where he led religious congregations. After having a dispute with the Imam of Khizra Mosque in Elmhurst, Chishti, a Pakistani immigrant and member of the mosque committee, told the FBI that the imam had stored explosives and weapons in the mosque and that he had links with terrorists.

Receiving the alleged tip on terrorist activities, the FBI agents stormed the residence of the Imam and detained his two young daughters for several hours. The FBI agents also raided the mosque and used dogs, but failed to find any objectionable material. 

The FBI also raided the residence of Syed Mehmood, another Pakistani immigrant, who was involved in the affairs of the mosque. Mehmood claimed his house was searched by the FBI because of Chishtis complaint. He said Chishti misled the FBI because he wanted a leadership role in the affairs of the mosque. 



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              <text>At an event in New York, I got a chance to see the Maulana [religious leader] Roohullah Madni, a provincial minister from the Northwest Frontier Province (NWFP), Pakistan. Madni holds the portfolios of religious affairs, social welfare and womens welfare.

The event, organized by the Khyber Society, was well attended. In his speech Maulana Madni defended General Pervez Musharref's policies, as was to be expected. He also made a number of absurd claims, for example, the minister claimed American bases in Pakistan were set up to treat the wounded from the war.

Maulana Madni, as the minister of womens welfare, spoke about the rights of women in Islam. He talked about how women may leave their houses unveiled, to going to work. But they must not dawdle on the streets. The same goes for men, he said. Women must also not dress provocatively and not dawdle, he added.

It is common knowledge that clerics like Maulana Madni put more restrictions on the mobility of women in society than on men. They justify this practice by invoking Islam. Neither the minister nor the organizers were troubled by the absence of women in the audience, in fact, not one had been invited to attend. 

But the Khyber Society boasts democratic traditions. After the guest of honor has had his say, the audience is encouraged to question him. 

Why did the minister feel obliged to accept the portfolio of women and welfare? Would not a woman be better able to understand the problems and challenges facing women in society? asked an audience member.

When the ministry for highways can go to a man, so can that of women and welfare, Madni said. </text>
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              <text>There has been a mad dash to remit money home to Bangladesh since Sept. 11  especially now that the holidays draw near. With the Eid festival just around the corner after the holy fast of Ramzan, Bangladeshis are sending remittances at unprecedented levels. 

According to Kazi Asaduzzaman, chief executive of Sonali Exchange, the average monthly remittance rate from the United States to Bangladesh has shot up to $10 million in the past three months. Prior to the terrorist attacks, this rate hovered between $7 million and $8 million.

Syed Abul Layees, owner of Sonargaon Money Transfer in Astoria, contended that his business has never been better. He said that he is getting three times the business he did prior to Sept. 11  and thats despite all of the restrictions that have been placed on remittances in recent weeks. Anyone wanting to send more than $1,500, for instance, must now submit a copy of their photo identification. It also takes a great deal longer to process remittances, thanks to tougher regulations. 

According to Layees, New York Bangladeshis used to be able to send money to Dhaka in about four days. Now it takes nearly 10 days for remittances to reach the capital and as long as two weeks to reach smaller cities and towns. 
This has spurred many Bangladeshis to send money back with friends and relatives who happen to be traveling home. Other alternatives include the official institution -- Sonali Exchange -- as well as private institutions like Sonargaon Money Transfer, Dollar Express, and Western Union. 

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              <text>On June 8, the Haitian government released journalists Darwin St. Julien of Haïti Progrès and Allan Deshommes of Radio Atlantique, 13 days after they were severely beaten and illegally arrested on May 27 while covering a demonstration in Guacimal, near St. Raphael, Haiti. They were never charged with any crime. 

Upon release, the two were immediately rushed to specialized medical care, which was pointedly denied them during their two weeks in detention. St. Julien was struck with a machete in his right eye, from which he still cannot see and which he might lose. He also suffers from severe headaches. Deshommes, who received head injuries, is also being closely monitored. 

The two journalists were beaten by armed men, led by local authorities and the watchmen of big landowning families -- the Zéphirs and Novellas -- who have denied peasants the right to farm on 365 carreaux of land which they have cultivated for generations. The peasants were demonstrating on May 27 to plant on the fallow land when they were attacked. 

Nine people arrested during the demonstration remain in prison in the capital without charges, in flagrant violation of the Constitution which specifies that detainees be charged within 48 hours. Six are peasants, including two elderly men and two elderly women, members of the union Batay Ouvriyè (Workers Struggle). The other three prisoners are drivers who brought the unionists in pick up trucks to take part in the peasants demonstration. All were arrested on May 27 and transported by helicopter on May 29 to the National Penitentiary in Port-au-Prince. The two women are being held in Fort National. 

The prisoners are enduring abominable conditions, lack clothes and shoes, and need medical attention. There is no medicine in the dispensary at the National Penitentiary. One peasant, Urbain Garçon, is in danger of losing his leg. 

Two peasants from St. Michel dAttalaye -- Francilien Exilien and Ipharès Guerrier -- were killed by the big landowners goons on May 27 and buried on the spot. Authorities in St. Raphael, allied with the big landowners (known in Haiti as grandons), have issued warrants to arrest 19 other demonstrators, all of whom have fled the area or gone into hiding. 

During a June 6 sit-in in Cap Haïtien protesting the arrests, radio journalist Delima Sévère said that his cousin, St. Raphaels mayor Adonija Sévère, told him not to visit the town because there was going to be more trouble. Other reliable sources claim that the grandons thugs -- many of whom are dissidents who left the Batay Ouvriyè union -- are being paid about $30 daily (a princely sum in Haiti) since the May 27 confrontation to remain mobilized against the return of the unionized peasants. 

A massive wave of indignation from national and international journalists and human rights groups forced the Haitian government, controlled by the Lavalas Family party of President Jean Bertrand Aristide, to release the journalists. 

On June 10, the Association of Haitian Journalists (AJH), which played an instrumental role in pressuring the government for the journalists release, gave a press conference to lay out its response to the arrests. We will take legal steps to make sure that these two journalists are compensated for the abuse they endured, for their illegal arrest, their illegal detention, the medical care that was denied, the poor treatment they received, as well as suing the people who beat them, said Guyler C. Delva, the AJH general secretary. We are also going to take measures with our lawyer to file suit against the authorities who were complicit in this illegal arrest. 

We also affirm that the government is responsible for the fact that Darwin St. Julien risks losing his eye because he was not examined by a specialist, Delva continued. Once incarcerated in the National Penitentiary, they preferred to isolate him from his family instead of allowing him to be seen by a doctor.
 
In the press conference, the two journalists described how they were accosted by the grandons thugs. While we were interviewing some demonstrators, some individuals, headed by a watchman and some local authorities, attacked us, St. Julien recounted. When arrested later, the police fired their guns near the journalists ears, he said. 
Deshommes described the terrible conditions in which they were held in the National Penitentiary. They treated us very badly, he said, as if we were assailants, or terrorists, all the names the authorities flung at us. They fed us like dogs, just throwing the food down and saying take it. The journalists slept on the prisons slimy fetid cement floors, since they could not obtain one of the rare cots fought over by prisoners. 

In a June 10 press release, Haïti Progrès thanked the AJH and other rights groups which fought for the journalists release, but warned that the battle is not over. Haïti Progrès asks the press and its association to remain mobilized: the release of the journalists should not make us let our guard down, Maude Leblanc, Haïti Progrès co-director, wrote. There are other people arrested during the demonstration in Guacimal -- peasants, members of Batay Ouvriyè -- who are still in jail illegally. Others are being persecuted and have been forced into hiding while the group close to the power is burning down their houses. The press has the role to denounce arbitrary acts, and intolerance is gaining ground in the country more and more. 

Meanwhile, in Brooklyn, NY, Haitians gathered on June 8 to listen to Paul Philome, a Haiti-based militant of Batay Ouvriyè, and Ben Dupuy, secretary general of the National Popular Party (PPN), condemn the Haitian governments support of rampaging big landowners in St. Raphael. 

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              <text>Delegations of prominent New York Jewish organizations met with Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee last week, and spoke about the common thread of terrorism that the democracies of India, Israel and the United States face. They also discussed the blossoming of relations between India and Israel.</text>
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              <text>Delegations of prominent New York Jewish organizations met with Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee last week, and spoke of the urgent need for the democracies of India, the United States and Israel to come together, especially in the context of fighting terrorism. 

The organizations which met with Vajpayee at the New York Palace Hotel on Sept. 12 were Bnai Brith International, the American Jewish Committee, the Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs, the Anti-Defamation League and the American Israeli Public Affairs Committee. The 21-member Jewish delegation met with the prime minister at 6.25 p.m., and the meeting ended around 7.20 p.m. 


After the meeting, David J. Harris, executive director of the American Jewish Committee, told News India-Times, The main issues discussed were the relationship between India and the United States, and the meeting of Vajpayee with U.S. President George W. Bush. We also spoke about the blossoming of relations between India and Israel. We spoke about the common thread of terrorism that the democracies of India, Israel and the United States face. We also spoke about the intensifying cooperation in the United Stated between the Indo-American community and the American-Jewish community. 

According to Harris, Vajpayee, who gave them a patient hearing, spoke very forcefully on the issue of terrorism and the concern in India about the daily threat of terrorism. 

He also offered his thoughts on Kashmir and the recent violence in Gujarat. He spoke about the desire for still further cooperation between American-Jewish organizations and Indian-American organizations and indicated that the Indian-American community in the United States is still quite new and, therefore, has much to learn from the American-Jewish community, said Harris. 


He spoke about his friendship with Israel and the fact that even as a member of the opposition, he was in favor of relations between India and Israel at a time when there were no relations between the two countries. 

Cheryl Halpern, chairperson of the Bnai Brith International United Nations Committee, said, We spoke about the need to promote better understanding between the Indian community in the United States and the Jewish community; that there should be much greater integration between us because we are so similar. The pillars of our communities really reflect faith, family and generosity. 

Daniel S. Mariaschin, executive vice president of Bnai Brith International, said, The relationship between the Jewish community in the United States and the Indo-American community has really become much closer over the past few years. 

We have a lot in common as communities in this country. We are two immigrant communities, who place a high value on education, hard work and close families. And there is also a commonality of interests in terms of the issues of the day. We spoke about how we can work closely on issues on our mutual agendas, said Mariaschin. 

Nirupama Rao, spokesperson for the Indian Foreign Ministry, told News India-Times that Vajpayee also told the members of the delegation that India is one of the few countries in the world where there is no anti-Semitism. He also noted that there are 60,000 Jews of Indian origin in Israel.  </text>
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                <text>Delegations of prominent New York Jewish organizations met with Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee </text>
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              <text>Last week, I went into a coffee shop in Queens to try the Cuban sandwich advertised as the new menu sensation. It wasnt very good and I let the waitress, María, know.

María is from Mexico and has lived in the Bronx for six years. She speaks very little English, just enough to hold down her job at the restaurant. The money she earns there, $400 a week, goes to help support her husband and two children. Carlos, Marías husband, works in construction and brings home about $300 a week. 

María and Carlos share an apartment with another Mexican family; their share of the rent is $800. Other expenses, like utilities, food, childcare and transportation add up to an additional $1,600 a month. This means that Carlos and Marías monthly expenses for the essentials needed to clothe and feed their family add up to $2,400 a month. 

Of the $2,800 a month they earn, $400 is left over to buy clothing, rent Mexican movies when they are homesick, and buy toys and other extras for the children.

For this reason, it disgusts me when Mayor Bloomberg talks of budget cuts and tax increases while no one talks of raising the minimum wage or creating new social service organizations.</text>
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                  <text>The Independent Press Association (IPA) translates articles from the ethnic press (when necessary) and distributes them via web and fax newsletter to mainstream and ethnic press, government offices, nonprofits, and interested individuals.  Voices That Must be Heard was designed by the Independent Press Association staff in New York City in response to the horrifying events of September 11.  After Sept. 11th, Voices focused on the South Asian, Arab and Middle Eastern communities in New York. Since February 2002, the project has expanded, selecting articles from the broad range of ethnic and community newspapers throughout the city. Here, the Archive has preserved the Voices collection from its inception until November 2002.</text>
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              <text>I could never say Im Russian, or anything close to it. But now I can say with pride, in Hebrew, Im Israeli, and I live in America, said one of five Russian Jews, who moved to the United States from Israel and reflected on adjustment and belonging in all three places.</text>
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              <text>At a recent meeting in support of Israel, I was struck by a question posed by one of the active participants as he pontificated from his podium. What kind of patriot are you if youve left Israel, and live in America? What are the motives of people who leave their country? What traces did Israel leave on them and their lives? Do they feel guilty, that in such difficult times theyre so far away from their second homeland? From these questions come the following interviews with former Israelis.

&lt;b&gt;Boris Gurichev, 30, San Diego, Calif. &lt;/b&gt;
Why did we leave Israel? My wife and I wanted to become self-sufficient as soon as we could. Theres no question that doing that in America is exponentially simpler. But we consider ourselves Israelis, living temporarily in another country. We hope to return there in a few years. Our parents, sisters, friends from the army and classmates from university live in Israel. We love that country, although we cant accept everything thats happening there. For example, we cant accept how much influence the religious institutions have. From the moment Ben Gurion signed the famous agreement with the religious parties, theres been a problematic status quo preserved to this day. Theres no question that we support the Jewish character of the country with all our heart and soul, but its infuriating when, for example, the religious establishment considers soldiers half-blooded, and wont allow their burial in in military cemeteries.

&lt;b&gt;Maria Sher, 65, New Jersey&lt;/b&gt;
My husband and I arrived in Israel on February 7, 1991. The Persian Gulf War had just begun. Our relatives from the former Soviet Union were in shock. How can you live there while youre being bombed? they asked.  And we really survived the gas masks and air-raid warnings. In the night, we panicked several times, and burrowed into our bedding whenever we heard the sirens. So we dont consider ourselves cowards or traitors. We had to live through many difficulties in the seven years we were there. But looking back, I can say with certainty: there was more good than bad. We love that beautiful country for its history, its natural beauty, its people. We learned Hebrew quickly, found work easily. And what amazing health care they have in Israel! So for us, Israel is our one and only love. This love is probably written into the genes of all Jews. Thats why its so painful to see everything thats happening there right now: the acts of terrorism, deaths of innocent people, betrayal of many European countriesbut we didnt have a choice: like yarn through a needle, my husband and I stuck with our daughter. She took her family to Israel, so we followed her there. And we made it to America, thanks to her. Yes, were afraid, but not of Arab terrorists, but of loneliness in our old age. Israel is with us in our hearts. Well never give it up.

&lt;b&gt;Alexander Babaev, 45, Brooklyn , N.Y. &lt;/b&gt;
The main reason that I left Israel is this: in such a small country, there are few opportunities to create a future for your children. There are other things that its hard to explain, but that I found really unpleasant. For example, the internal disputes between Jewslike how the Orthodox Jews believe that Israel shouldnt exist until that time when the Messiah arrives. The whole thing got even worse after the incidents when they burned the Israeli flag. In general, theres a genuine religious war. The Orthodox dont accept the reformists, the reformists cant stand the Orthodox. This is what I dont like about Israel. 

But other than that, there are a lot of things about the country that makes me love it. If it werent for my kids, I wouldnt have left. People know how to live there. They dont just sit around doing nothing, and arent concerned with such minor details like, for example, where to park their car. Every day is valued; life is really vibrant and full. We traveled a lot, saw our friends often. And my wife and I both had jobs we loved. She taught music in a school, and I worked as a television camera operator. We really were taking pleasure in our lives, and felt that, like nowhere else, we were home. We lived in Israel for 11 years. I really consider that country my homeland. And Im certain that Ill return there. And if that makes someone call us great patriots, then Ill say that in general, I dont love that word; it reeks of nationalism. Ill do everything I can in order to help my country thrive. Its possible to help, and not just when youre in the middle of the country.

&lt;b&gt;Liza Mixer, 40, New York, N.Y.&lt;/b&gt;
My relationship with Israel changed in direct proportion to how well I got to know the country. At the beginning, it was just really difficult to put down roots in another world, in another country. And the fact that it was so different was a constant reminder that I lived there. Probably its easier for Jews from eastern countries to get used to it. This was not my country in an internal sense. I couldnt accept the mentality of the people, even the climate. It seemed like everything was unpleasant, at the time. But as I began to get to know the country, study the language, and meet people, bit by bit, it became my country. Many times I asked myself why? And I came to a sad conclusion: Everything in that long-suffering country goes in one endless cycle. War. A period of quiet. An intifada, or something like it, then a time of ostensible building of peace, and again war. It all gave me the impression that everything is connected to some kind of artificial education of the government itself. One of the philosophers said that you cant step in the same river twicesad thought. Jews had their own government a terribly long time ago. Someone decided to do it again. Truly a terrific idea. But with great sadness, weve got to admit that all the available data suggests that our timing is off. After the Holocaust, our people were weak, and you could say that a considerable part of the linguistic and cultural heart of our people really had disappeared.

As for more ordinary things: attitudes to Jewish immigrants arent too friendly. For me, any manifestation of xenophobia is unacceptable. I was raised a different way. It seems to me that the government can only win when educated, passionate people who can help improve the country come to it. But the government is the government. Life means conflicts with real people. 

Its well-known that the country receives a lot of monetary aid from America every year. Imagine any other government financing itself with foreign money. How can it be self-sufficient? From here, it seems like theyre pulling Sharons strings, and before that, they did the same with Netanyahu. And so forth. Its hard to believe, but its a fact. Its a double standard. And on the other hand, whoever pays the piper is the one who chooses the music. No one cancelled that reality.

I guess I just came to understand for myself that I dont want to be a grain of sand that just gets brushed aside on the road

&lt;b&gt;Evelina Pasmanik, 37, Queens, N.Y.&lt;/b&gt;
I arrived in Israel from Odessa. If I had spoken Hebrew, then I would have used the verb ascend instead of arrive. Its specifically this word that people use when the conversation is about moving to Israel. For nine years, my husband and son and I lived in that country. And for already three-and-a-half years, were here in New York. My husbands family is here, and he has long wished to be closer to them. Each year he entered the green card lottery. And this year he succeeded. And all the tiniest trivialities turned into one overwhelming feeling in methe feeling of love for Israel, for the land that hasnt disappeared. It has stayed with me, and will forever. In the beginning everything in Israel seemed foreign. For example, the language. Not one word of Hebrew called up any associations with Russian. Shesh, khamesh, mesh, whats with these words, this strange assortment of sounds? How can anyone learn or remember them?

And then theres the strange climateeight months without rain. A heat which invades every little cell in your body. Blue sky; again, blue sky. Not one little cloud.

Conversations of children through the window. Not understanding anything. The street closed to traffic. All vehicles stopped, passersby stopped and looking around, police everywhere. What is this, and what are they doing?

Unfamiliar smells of eastern food, a totally different kind of hunger, as though the shouts of goods in the bazaar are coming from your stomach.

I could talk about all this endlessly. Time passes, and the unpleasant things go away. You begin to understand something, and start looking at things through different eyes. After three years, I went back to Odessa to visit my relatives and friends. Thank you, Odessa, you helped me understand that I belonged to a different land. 

A little more time in Israel passes, and suddenly you begin to notice now already obvious things. It turns out that you have holidays. Not Soviet holidays, and not foreign holidays, but your own. There is a history of your people. The word Jew is absolutely normal, and everyone pronounces it normally, not in a context like: someone looks like a plucked chicken, or simple taunts of  hebe, or kike,  the way, as an insult, a classmate used to whisper at me behind my desk at school.

Israeliswhose mentality I thought I would never be able to comprehendbecame close, like relatives. It filled me with a wonderful feeling to meet good, kind, intelligent people. I was happy.

Every person has to feel a sense of belonging to somewhere. I could never say Im Russian, or anything close to it. But now I can say with pride, in Hebrew,  Im Israeli, and I live in America.</text>
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                  <text>The Independent Press Association (IPA) translates articles from the ethnic press (when necessary) and distributes them via web and fax newsletter to mainstream and ethnic press, government offices, nonprofits, and interested individuals.  Voices That Must be Heard was designed by the Independent Press Association staff in New York City in response to the horrifying events of September 11.  After Sept. 11th, Voices focused on the South Asian, Arab and Middle Eastern communities in New York. Since February 2002, the project has expanded, selecting articles from the broad range of ethnic and community newspapers throughout the city. Here, the Archive has preserved the Voices collection from its inception until November 2002.</text>
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              <text>The official from the Italian Federation of Public Concerns was frank: among the 12,000 Italian restaurants that exist in the United States, a meager 10-15 percent can be categorized as authentic. The others, he emphasized, have in some way encroached upon the name, and behind the Italian Restaurant sign, theres a little of everything, or sometimes, theres nothing. The Italian government will survey every Italian restaurant and award some certificates announcing their authenticity. </text>
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              <text>White truffles, the Piedmontese diamonds, have arrived in New York. In addition to bringing these rare fruits of the earth here from the town of Alba, Italy, the promoters have come with an initiative aimed at guaranteeing the authenticity of Italian restaurants. 

This initiative, as explained yesterday to the American press, is based upon a plan to give a stamp of authenticity for Italian cuisine throughout the world. The initiative was launched a month ago by the Italian Ministry of Agricultural Policy. It was presented by the president of Confcommercio (Italys General Confederation for Commerce, Tourism, and Services), Sergio Billè. Billè was accompanied by Ferruccio Dardanello, president of the Chamber of Commerce of Cuneo, Italy, Edi Sommariva, president of FIPE (the Italian Federation of Public Concerns), and Roberto Luongo, director of ICE (the Institute for the Promotion of Foreign Trade) of New York. 

Luongo called the initiative, which will protect the logo Made in Italy, as one of the most important plans for promoting Italian food and wines. He rattled off numbers characterizing Italian exports to the United States in the amount of $270 billion, of which 12 percent is derived from the Piedmont region.

The initiative to protect Italian foods and wines was launched on the occasion of presenting the restaurant Le Cirque with some Piedmontese diamonds, some of the most beloved and coveted products of Italian cuisine. 

The launching of this promotional campaign for Piedmontese truffles and wine, organized by ICE and the Piedmontese authorities, provided a forum for explaining to American food and wine professionals the program. They announced the creation of an official system to protect and safeguard restaurants outside of Italy that attempt to style themselves after true Italian cuisine and culture. 

The general director of FIPE, Edi Sommariva, was frank: among the 12,000 Italian restaurants that exist in the United States, a very meager 10-15 percent can be categorized as authentic. The others, he emphasized, have in some way encroached upon the name, and behind the Italian Restaurant sign, theres a little of everything, or sometimes, theres nothing. The federation that Sommariva directs counts 67,000 restaurants in Italy, and almost as many restaurants define themselves as Italian throughout the rest of the world. 

We live in a global village in which Italy seeks to assert itself through its restaurants, which would be the ambassadors of Made in Italy, of authenticity and quality. In New York there are 1,800 Italian restaurants, but how many are genuine? asked Sommariva, rhetorically.

He explained that 10 to 15 percent of New Yorks Italian restaurants have encroached upon the Italian name, provoking uncertainty among consumers. The federation will conduct a census of restaurants which claim to be Italian. For the 12,000 restaurants from coast to coast, the moment has arrived for unmasking the imposters and rewarding and recognizing those that are genuine. The census will get under way this year in the United States, and by 2004, signs of certification will begin to appear at the entrances of those Italian restaurants found to be authentic.

Billè explained that the plan will also allow for a more solid bond to be forged between Italy and its restaurants throughout the world. He determined that it is high time for this initiative. We will succeed in playing a part in the global village if we manage to transfer to it our immense patrimony, which has to do with the quality of life. We must change strategies, promoting not only authentic Italian foods within the certified restaurants, but also the gastronomical traditions and the excitements of Italian culture. 

Dardanello observed, the truffle is one of Italys great treasures, and is coveted all over the world, and for this reason the Piedmontese diamonds will also be certified. Today, the presentation of the truffles from Alba and the Piedmontese wines comes to the Theater District, the neighborhood of the famous Barbetta Restaurant, at the end of a few days in which the Piedmontese Tuber Magnatum Pico (as the white truffles are known in Latin) have been the Big Apples stars. 

The initiative was also recently presented on the West Coast in San Francisco, where a real, exciting truffle hunt was carried out under the Golden Gate, where the truffles were strategically placed. </text>
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                <text>The official from the Italian Federation of Public Concerns was frank: among the 12,000 Italian rest</text>
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              <text>Chinese Americans attending the Listening to the City meeting asked for the rebuilding plan to include subsidized apartments for elderly and low income residents; create employment opportunities in Chinatown; provide English tutoring and career training services for new immigrants; and improve the environment and public transportation, as well as incorporate Feng Shui practices in designing the memorial.</text>
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              <text>Approximately 300 Chinese Americans attended Listening to the City forum yesterday.  Those who do not speak English gave their opinions on rebuilding Chinatown through translators.

Attendees urged government officials to consider Chinatown as they plan to rebuild Lower Manhattan. Attendees requested that officials increase subsidized apartments for elderly and low income residents; create employment opportunities in Chinatown, provide English tutoring and career training services for new immigrants; and improve the environment and 
public transportation. 

Many were very pleased with the public hearing, hoping that the government not only listened, but will take action based on their feedback.

The public hearing included representatives from Asian Americans for Equality, Chinese Planning Council, Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund (AALDEF) , as well UNITE Local 23-35. Many Chinese Americans came to the meeting from Flushing, uptown Manhattan and New Jersey. Volunteers from New York University Downtown Hospital provided translation services.  

Thirteen percent of the meetings attendance was Asian American; most were of Chinese 
descent.  Chinese Americans are waking up and realizing that it is important  to speak up and voice opinions to fight for their rights.

Both Mandarin and Cantonese translation services were available at the meeting.  Attendees wore headphones to hear the entire presentation simultaneously in the language of their choice.  During the debates, translators were available for those who do not speak English.  With the language barrier removed, Chinese Americans were able to openly discuss their issues and concerns, especially elderly housing and recreation, Chinatowns cleanliness and safety, and lack of public restrooms.

Many are concerned that plans to rebuild Lower Manhattan only include Ground Zero area, and do not include the deeply affected Chinatown area. Many proposals were very commercial. We do not need additional office space, instead, we need more affordable housing, AALDEF Director Margaret Fung said.

Asian Americans for Equality Executive Director Wei Yee Gui said, Chinatown residents also have opinions regarding plans to rebuild; the government needs to take them into consideration. 

Siu Man Chan said, To only consider the 16 acres of land in rebuilding the WTC is not enough, we need to also focus on nearby areas, such as Chinatown, and their housing and employment problems.

Public transportation services is another main concern of Chinese Americans.  A Mott Street store owner, Chuck Kwong Lee, suggested setting up a ferry stop by Pike Street to connect to WTC, Chinatown and the Lower East Side. Community Board Two member Chung Bo Lee suggested a north-and-south-bound line between WTC and Chinatown.  

And a mother, who lost her son in the September 11th tragedy, hoped that her sons name and picture would be displayed in the memorial.

A factory worker said he would like the government to provide subsidized housing, health care, English tutoring and career training services to low-income residents. Chinatown small business representatives asked for an increase in tourism marketing and government financial assistance.

Many hope the government will refrain from increasing taxes, fines, and subway fares.

During the discussion of the six plans for reconstructing Ground Zero, Chinese Americans said that the designs should incorporate Feng Shui practices. For example, tall buildings should face water, and the memorial monument could take the shape of a Ba Gua (an octagon shape).

Many Chinese Americans expressed satisfaction with the meeting. They are very excited to voice Asians concerns to non-Asians.  They hope the government will continue holding these hearings and will include Chinatown in the Lower Manhattan Development Plan.  

This is only the beginning, residents should not just sit back and relax, we need to follow up and keep track of the plans, Chuck Kwong Lee said.

Chung Bo Lee said, the government should respond quickly with feedback, and we need to point out our concerns, such as [FEMAs] Canal Street division of Chinatown.</text>
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              <text>If you marry a Greek, you become a Greek, my mother, a Russian Jewish native of Brooklyn, recently told me. Coming from such diverse backgrounds, each with such strong and opposing traditions and beliefs, my parents relationship has often been faced with hardship. It has taken many years, but, to some extent, together my parents have both become Greek Americans.</text>
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              <text>Intermixed marriages: A success story, by Irene Plagianos, The National Herald, 30 June 2002. English language.

If you marry a Greek, you become Greek, my mother, a Russian Jewish native of Brooklyn, recently told me. After 25 years of marriage, Im sure those are the sentiments that my father, a Greek immigrant, would be glad to hear her expressing. 

Though he might have an American wife, and three children born and raised in the United States, my father had an unrelenting mission to ensure that his family not only understood, but truly identified with his Greek heritage. It wasnt difficult for me to realize growing up that mine was a Greek household, despite my mothers background. Though my mother enthusiastically engaged in the Greek culture, actively preparing for holidays and encouraging my brothers and me to attend Greek school, her process of acclimation, along with my fathers, has not always been easy. Coming from such diverse backgrounds, each with strong and opposing traditions and beliefs, their relationship has often been faced with hardship. It has taken many years, but, to some extent, together my parents have both become Greek Americans. 

My mother and father met in the mid-70s while both attended college in New York City.  As my mother describes it, I was fascinated by the passion your father had for his heritage and it made me want to learn more. She fondly recalls the Greek songs my father would serenade her with and the interesting foods he would cook. I remember trying his keftedes and thinking that they were the best meatballs I had ever eaten. Though my fathers gallant courtship has long since ended, my mothers initial experiences with my father were her first taste of Greek culture. She began immersing herself in the customs of her future husband, taking Greek language classes and delving into numerous Greek cookbooks. 

Simultaneously, my father was adapting to his new American surroundings. Having only been in the country for a few years, my father was still struggling to master English as he was working to pay his way through college.  His goal was to become an engineer and then return to Greece, but before he had finished his masters degree he had already married his Jewish-American wife and started a family.

If my parents were surprised by the path their lives were taking, their families were more than shocked. My mother had never been very religious, but the Jewish culture has many strong traditions and her parents always assumed she would marry someone of the same faith.  As Ive experienced first hand, both Jews and Greeks are usually closely tied to their communities; my parents transcendence of these boundaries was and still is a rarity. 

A poor Greek student, my father was not quickly embraced by my mothers family. To complicate matters further, my mother had decided to convert. Though my father was not religious either, according to Greek law at the time, civil marriage ceremonies were not recognized and thus my mother had to convert in order to be married in a Greek Orthodox Church. I had to stand in a big tub as your father and our friend Nick, who was your god father and then your fathers best man, looked on. The priest said it would be an easy and comfortable process, but then he became very dramatic and long-winded. It was definitely like nothing I had ever experienced, my mom recalled. 

While her conversion might not have held great religious significance for either of my parents, it was an important symbolic break with her past and beginning of their future together. Their marriage ceremony soon followed, with only a few close friends in attendance. 

With the vast majority of my fathers family still living in Greece, my mother didnt meet her new in-laws until after they were married.  She traveled to Potamia, my fathers small village outside of Sparta, and found an entire town awaiting her arrival. She was fortunate to find that my grandparents not only welcomed her lovingly, but were also fiercely protective of their new daughter-in-law. Barely speaking Greek, she and my grandmother were somehow able to communicate, but besides language, cultural mores were the most difficult to translate. 

I remember feeling like everyone was carefully watching my every move, scrutinizing everything from my appearance to even the slightest facial expression. 

My mother soon learned that while my grandparents epitomized the Greek notion of hospitality, the majority of the village was not nearly as inviting or open-minded. My grandparents warned her of the rampant gossip in the village and tried as best they could to shield her from the incessant talk. That first trip to the village truly showed me both the best and the worst of the Greek culture. Your grandmother reminded me of my own grandmother, her house was filled with so much life and cooking and warmth. But I also realized that I probably would never be a good enough nikokyra in many peoples eyes; I would always be an outsider. It took many years for me to feel comfortable and still there are things that bother me, but eventually you learn to accept your flaws and theirs and just not worry so much about what other people think. 

As time passed and grandchildren were born, both families understood that there was nothing they could do aside from being more tolerant. While my parents families were learning to deal with their foreign in-laws, the true challenge lay within our own home. The struggles every married couple experiences was often compounded by their cultural differences. The phrase you just can©t understand was often bandied about my household. And though my mother enjoyed Greek holidays and customs, there were times when she felt her identity was being stifled. 

She realized that her own children knew little of the traditions that she grew up with. We never celebrated Jewish holidays in our home and if we did attend a holiday gathering with Jewish relatives which was very rare, my father usually did not come along. My brothers and I were always in close contact with our maternal grandparents, who would still send us Hannukah, as opposed to Christmas, gifts, but, it is true that most of our lives weve been surrounded by my fathers Greek relatives and friends. I still remember my fathers smile of utter content and accomplishment when one of my Jewish cousins told him, Well, you©ve certainly raised a Greek family. 

My mothers Jewish customs might have been overshadowed by the ubiquitous power of our Greekness, but that does not mean that she, or her influence, was any less important. Though my father has inundated my brothers and me with an immense knowledge of our Greek history and instilled in us a great sense of pride for this heritage, it is through my mothers eyes that I have learned to appreciate much of what the Greek culture has to offer and also to recognize its flaws. My mother knows that her children consider themselves Greek and with every mangled pronunciation or spelling of our last name, she is reminded that thats the way the world identifies her also, but shes just fine with that. 

Perhaps this situation would not have worked for every family or maybe others handle a mixed marriage differently, but that is exactly what my parents relationship has taught my brothers and me that it is all about personal choices. There is no right way or special paradigm to follow when it comes to marriage, only constant compromise and communication. My father still hopes that all his children, and especially me, will marry Greek people, preferably natives of the country, so that maybe someday at least one of us will live in the homeland he so absolutely loves. My mom only wants us to pick a partner we will be forever happy with, regardless of different religion or ethnicity. I know that whomever I choose to be with will have to understand how important my heritage is to me. I don©t think I could ever do what my mother did and so completely give myself to a different culture, although my maternal grandmother wishes I will just find a nice Jewish boy to marry. As my parents have shown me, when it comes to marriage, you only need to follow your heart and the rest will work itself out. </text>
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              <text>New passenger tracking technology at U.S. airports is raising the specter of another Christmas far from home for the undocumented Irish. The new system monitors passengers entering and departing the United States, so someone who overstays the 90 days allowed under the visa waiver program faces the possibility of being barred from returning to the United States.</text>
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              <text>New passenger tracking technology at U.S. airports is raising the specter of another Christmas far from home for the undocumented Irish. 

The new system of tracking passengers departing from the United States was implemented by the U.S. Customs Service in the last few weeks. 

The system, known as the Advanced Passenger Information System, or APIS, was already recording inbound passenger details. 

APIS was introduced in the aftermath of the September 11th attack on America. According to the Emerald Isle Immigration Center in Queens, the new system is also providing both arrival and departure information to the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS). 

A statement from the center said that the INS had been enlisting the help of airlines in tracking the departure dates of visitors since Oct. 1. 

The information being recorded at this stage is significant but limited. It includes the names of passengers, their date of birth, nationality, gender and the individuals initial date of arrival into the United States. 

It does now, for example, seek to discover a persons destination within the United States or exact reason for visiting the country. 

Nevertheless, the new tracking system will have some serious implications for Irish people living in the United States, according to Emerald Isle. 

Chief among them is that anyone who overstays the 90 days allowed under the visa waiver program faces the possibility of being barred from returning to the U.S. for either three or 10 years once he leaves the country. 

This is very serious, Anne-Marie Scanlon of Emerald Isle said last week. Naturally, we understand the public and governmental concerns. However, this will have a devastating effect on the undocumented community.  Anyone planning a trip home for Christmas should evaluate these recent changes. It may well be their last trip out of the United States for some time. 

Additionally, said Scanlon, lottery visa applicants could be caught out by the new tracking system. 

If they do win, they will have to return to their native country for the interview, she said. Again, this will pose some serious problems if they have overstayed. 

An Aer Lingus spokesman confirmed that since Oct. 1 the airline had collected the information on departing eastbound passengers required by the U.S. Customs Service under the APIS system. An INS spokeswoman, Kimberly Weissman, confirmed that the information gathered is shared between U.S. Customs and the INS. Its a joint endeavor, she said. 

Weissman said that under the APIS system, both agencies were able to check who was en-route to the United States. We know who is coming in, she said. 

The system is being currently applied to countries included in the Visa Waiver Program; Ireland being one of them. 

Weissman said that information is also being recorded on departing passengers. All the information, she said, is being fed into a database called the Arrival and Departure Information System, or ADIS. She said the database information could be used to trace anyone who stayed in the United States beyond the 90 days allowed under the Visa Waiver Program. 

If someone, for example, stayed 95 days, he could incur a ban the next time he attempts to enter the United States, Weissman said. 

Meanwhile, the Emerald Isle center planned two information seminars on the new system. The first was held at 7 p.m. on Monday, Oct. 28, at St. Barnabas School Cafeteria, 413 East 241st St. in the Bronx. The second was in Queens the following night, Oct. 29, at 7 p.m. at the Emerald Isle offices, 59-26 Woodside Ave. </text>
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              <text>With a plethora of allegations of corruption swirling around Jamaicas Tourist Boards (JTB) office in New York, Jamaicas Ministry of Tourism and Sport has moved to get to the bottom of the charges.

The claims in a lengthy unsigned letter included: suggestions of criminal behavior by some top tourist board officials; misappropriation and misapplication of taxpayers money; conspiracy to commit fraud; the use of JTB money to promote and enhance private business ventures and to fund an election campaign of a politician seeking elective office in the New York; abuse of privilege; reckless and unwarranted expenditure on activities which were totally unrelated to the countrys tourism industry.

What we have done is asked the Tourist Boards Chief Internal Auditor to go up to New York and investigate these allegations, Loraine Robinson, permanent secretary in the Ministry of Tourism and Sport, told reporters. We are hoping for the auditors report by the end of this week, she explained.

In addition, Robinson pointed out that the nations auditor-general and the Ministry of Finance were informed about the recent developments. We are investigating the claims, she added.

For more than a week, Jamaicans at home, in the United States and elsewhere, have been reading the details of a seven-page e-mail which credits a source who works closely with the Jamaican Tourist Boards advertising head office in New York with saying that senior officials had recklessly managed the resources of the government agency, so much so that the board cannot fulfill its primary function to promote Jamaica overseas.

The e-mail complained of wrongdoings and areas of gross misconduct and detailed several alleged instances of crooked actions and executive irresponsibility.
 
For instance, the author of the letter accused an official of arbitrarily spending thousands of taxpayer dollars to buy tables for assorted useless events in New York that have nothing to do with tourism and uses the events to entertain friends, family and personal business pursuits to the exclusion of other JTB staff members. In another case, JTB officials were accused of shifting business to companies which charged inflated rates in order to provide kickbacks to a few board executives.

Because tourism is Jamaicas main income, on which the country heavily depends, it cannot be allowed for these persons to remain in office, stated the email. 

The allegations and probe drew reactions from prominent people in Jamaica. Edmond Bartlett, the Opposition Jamaica Labor Partys spokesman on tourism and environment, is demanding what he called a forensic auditor of JTB operations and the activities of the agencys New York operations.

While praising Portia Simpson-Miller, the Minister of Tourism and Sport, for moving swiftly to look into the claims, the JLP official demanded the release of the names of the investigators and their terms of reference. It was important for the image of the industry and the country that the matter be cleared up with great dispatch, he said. Transparency was needed, he said, because of the industrys importance and the fact that the allegations surfaced at a time when tourism was reeling from internal troubles. However, Josef Forstmayr, president of the Jamaica Hotel and Tourist Association, is urging people not to rush to judgment in the wake of the allegations.

Forstmayr prefers to await the outcome of the investigation and therefore avoid making people look dishonest when they are not dishonest at all. As he saw it, Theres nothing worse than a kangaroo court.</text>
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              <text>While we support the claim that Haitians are treated unfairly, we believe that it is time for Haitians to stop protesting in the streets and take their complaints to the hallways of state capitals and the White Houseplaces where they can bring about some real changes.</text>
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              <text>Last week, Haitian community leaders from Miami to New York to Boston, called for and organized rallies in front of U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service offices to denounce the double standards and unfair treatment of Haitian refugees.

While we support their claim of unfair treatment to Haitians, we believe that the protests were ill advised. In New York, there were less than 30 people gathered at any one time. Miamis event was a bit larger, but still it was so low that Gepsie Metellus of the Haitian Neighborhood Center in Miami and a leader in the community, didnt even get out of her car when she saw the crowd was so small.

It is time that Haitian leaders take their protests from the streets to the hallways of state capitals and the White Houseplaces where they can bring about some real changes.

Instead of organizing street protests, these leaders should conduct letter writing campaigns to their elected officials demanding meetings on the issues that are so important to us. Politicians respond to this kind of pressure.

In the last few years, the community has been transforming and part of that change is that people are no longer eager to take to the streets. They are trying to carve out a life for themselves here. That is not to say that people should never take to the streets to protest. We simply believe that as vital as the mistreatment of Haitians is to us, many people do not see it as a defining cause to leave work and take to the street.

The street hawkers should let Haitian elected officials take the helm on some of these issues. After all, they have a pulpit from which they can access the highest level of the federal government. They should work in unison and not parallel.

We hope that when the next crisis hits us, the street agitators will look for another tactic and pound the pavement as a last resort. The time to rise to the next level has arrived, the leadership needs to face it.  
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              <text>Korean nail salons suffer from severe competition as their numbers increase in New York and New Jersey. Owners in Closter, New Jersey have decided to hold monthly meetings to resolve the problems in a cooperative manner.</text>
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              <text>Korean nail salons are suffering from severe competition with each other. Its the most troublesome problem in the nail salon business, as the number of salons increase in the New York and New Jersey area.

Nail salons in Closter, New Jersey, began experimenting with the strategy of surviving together several years ago, and its now becoming a model for nail businesses in New York as well.

The owners of the nail salons in Closter have regular monthly meetings to discuss the current issues facing nail businesses and to try to resolve the problem in a cooperative manner.
Especially, they fix a fair price during the meeting in order to prevent underselling, one of the most chronic problems in the nail business. The main issue for them is to prevent the overhead, including labor costs, from rising so much that shops close. 

Owing to the one of characteristics of nail service, there is a tendency of a nail service workers regular customers to follow that her worker when she moves shops. To prevent this phenomenon, the Closter nail salon owners agreed to restrict employees from transferring; in effect, they refuse to hire nail workers who attempt to move from another area shop. Besides, the owners also decide some issues such as which days to close and details about seasonal promotions through open discussion.

It has been seven years since they held their first meeting. It was 1992 when the nail salons in Closter had severe competition; prices were so low that salon owners felt their businesses were in a state of crisis. They realized they would lose the entire Korean nail market if they persisted in competing. This realization turned into the owners meetings that continue.

The owners explain that because of the meetings, there are no longer conflicts among nail salons in this area, in contrast to other areas, where severe competition creates a lot of conflict and strife. 

Hyun-suk Kim, the owner of Nail Boutique in Closter says that as we discuss and share our business problems once a month, we form a relationship not as competitors, but as partners, and she contends that as its already hard to manage in this recession, a self-destroying competition in which prices are lowered at all costs even to ones own detriment should disappear.   </text>
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The opponent team didnt play the last game, so we were declared champions. But I am sure that we would have won the game if we had played it, because we defeated them before on their home turf, said New York Albanians Team President Martin Shkreli.

The championship win also reflected the teams great results: 43 victories, 0 defeats, and 43 points.

Shkreli said that the last game of the tournament will take place on May 12, against New York Athletic Club, which won the last years championship and holds third place in the tournament.

The next game is not that important since we have the championship in our pocket, but we would like to win again and have perfect results of 14 victories, 0 defeats and total of 46 points, Shkreli said.

The teams goal is to win the championship cup, Shkreli said. The final opponent of the New York Albanians is the Central Park Rangers, which is in first place in the second league. New York Albanians team was founded in 1984 and consists of Albanians from all Albanian territories.  </text>
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              <text>If the U.S. Department of State censors can defend the denial of visas to lay people because of national security, then their refusal to grant entry to recognized intellectuals only shows their ignorance.  They impede the free flow of information and ideas globally.  Persecuting artists and intellectuals is the most effective way to augment oppression and barbarism.  Its not politics, its insanity.</text>
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              <text>Security measures taken since September 11th have robbed many innocent people of both time and money.  The inefficacy of these new measures becomes more apparent when the victims are world-renowned cultural and academic figures.  If the U.S. Department of State censors can defend the denial of visas to lay people because of national security, then their refusal to grant entry to recognized intellectuals only shows their ignorance.  

Two years ago, a celebrated Cuban author residing in Paris was denied a visa on the grounds that he was a functionary of a Communist government.  Oversights like these have become so common that they seem designed to make the United States the enemy of the global intellectual community.  Another recent suspect of terrorism is Cuban artist Salvador González.  For many years, González was viewed unfavorably by the Cuban Ministry of Cultural Affairs because of the African influences evident in his work.  A documentary about the artist will be presented in the United States; however, González, because he was denied a visa, will not be present at the screening. 

In the same vein, Iranian filmmaker Abbas Kiarostami was refused entry to attend the opening of his film at the New York Film Festival.  Both artists have suffered from the U.S.  governments ignorance, in considering nations terrorist.  Cuba and Iran are on this list, along with five other countries: Sudan, Iraq, Syria, Libya and North Korea.  Nevertheless, indiscriminately penalizing all citizens of these nations, scientists and artists in particular, will not increase domestic security in the United States.  To the best of our knowledge, none of the terrorists involved in the September 11th attacks were artists, athletes, or scientists.  Whats more amazing is that State Department officials did not try to verify that the artists presence was requested at these events.

Measures like these do not only deny entry to relevant cultural figures, they also deny Americans the opportunity for cultural enrichment.  In other words, the actions of the United States are no better than those of terrorist nations.  Salvador González was marginalized as an artist and for years received little support from Cuban cultural institutions.  Now that foreign interest in Cuba has turned the country into a cultural legend, the denial of Gonzálezs visa only shows the lack of information and independent thought that characterizes the State Departments ability to determine matters of national security.

These restored political methods impede the free flow of information and ideas globally.  Persecuting artists and intellectuals is the most effective way to augment oppression and barbarism.  Its not politics, its insanity.</text>
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              <text>If you pay close attention while walking down the streets of the South Bronx, you may notice a different type of Central American immigrantthe Garifuna. Though the Garifuna are a people of African descent, they are considered Latinos because they take the nationality of their country of birth and, for the most part, speak Spanish.</text>
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              <text>If you pay close attention while walking down the streets of the South Bronx, you may notice a different type of Central American immigrantthe Garifuna. Garifunas are an African-descended group that populates the Atlantic coasts of Honduras, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Belize. They share a common history and culture, and, unlike other African-descended groups in the Americas, they were never enslaved. 

In 1765, the Spanish exported the Garifunas from Africa to the New World, but the Garifunas were able to escape their captors when their ship capsized near St. Vincent Island in the West Indies. In 1796, the Garifunas fought against the English, but were expelled from their land and relocated to Roatan Island off the coast of Honduras. Later, a treaty signed with the Spanish granted them land on the continent.

Conservative estimates place the Garifuna population at 200,000 worldwide. While most live in Honduras and Belize, and it is estimated that 100,000 live in New Orleans, Los Angeles, and New York, the latter being home to some 30,000 and the largest U.S. center of Garifuna migration. 

Garifunas in Honduras, Nicaragua, and Guatemala have been able to maintain their culture while assimilating to the culture of the country they live in. Because Garifunas take the nationality of their country of birth, and, for the most part, speak Spanish, they are considered Latinos. Those Garifunas born in Belize, a former English colony, are excluded from this category because their native language is not Spanish. The Garifuna community, conscious of the fact that they live in a country where everything is classified, prefer to call themselves Garifuna first, and descendents of their country of birth second. For Latinos in New York, the majority of whom are Caribbean, Garifunas are another one of our own.
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                <text>If you pay close attention while walking down the streets of the South Bronx, you may notice a diffe</text>
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