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December 13, 2001


Special Master Kenneth R. Feinberg
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund
U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20530

To Mr. Feinberg:

I am writing to urge you to ensure fair treatment for all surviving families of the tragedy on September
11th, including the children and families of low-wage workers and gay and lesbian families.  Under
traditional rules based on lost wages, the survivors of a bond trader earning millions of dollars per
year might receive thousands of times as much compensation as the survivors of a dishwasher in one of
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double blow to the survivors to first lose their loved one and then watch as most of the taxpayer money
went to those who were already well off in the first place.

The second major issue has to do with recognizing the legitimacy of gay and lesbian relationships and 
families. Gay and lesbian families are especially vulnerable when one partner is killed. Because the
option of marriage is unavailable, these families may find themselves in the traumatic predicament of
having to prove that their union is legitimate. Fortunately, both the Red Cross and the State of New
York have already announced that they will not discriminate against gay and lesbian families. The
Department of Justice should do the same.

Thank you for considering my comments. I look forward to hearing how you will act on these very
important issues.

Sincerely,

Individual Comment 
Ridgefield, CT 


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December 13, 2001


Special Master Kenneth R. Feinberg
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund
U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20530

To Mr. Feinberg:

I am writing to urge you to ensure fair treatment for all surviving families of the tragedy on September
11th, including the children and families of low-wage workers and gay and lesbian families.

Under traditional rules based on lost wages, the survivors of a bond trader earning millions of dollars
per year might receive thousands of times as much compensation as the survivors of a dishwasher in
one of the restaurants destroyed. Justice requires looking far beyond the last paycheck to the inherent
worth of all those killed, so that a high minimum compensation level is set to lessen the disparities. It
would be a double blow to the survivors to first lose their loved one and then watch as most of the
taxpayer money went to those who were already well off in the first place.

The second major issue has to do with recognizing the legitimacy of gay and lesbian relationships and 
families. Gay and lesbian families are especially vulnerable when one partner is killed. Because the
option of marriage is unavailable, these families may find themselves in the traumatic predicament of
having to prove that their union is legitimate. Fortunately, both the Red Cross and the State of New
York have already announced that they will not discriminate against gay and lesbian families. The
Department of Justice should do the same.

Thank you for considering my comments. I look forward to hearing how you will act on these very
important issues.

Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Lafayette, CO

 
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Thursday, December 20, 2001 4:56 AM
Equal Rights- disaster


December  20, 2001

Dear Mr. Kenneth Zwick,

I write as a member of Amnesty International, a worldwide human rights
movement committed to ensuring respect for the basic human rights of people
without discrimination, in support of equal access to benefits under the
September 11 Victims Relief Fund for all victims, regardless of sexual
orientation or marital status. As you know, the United States has
committed to uphold international human rights standards, including the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights, which prohibit arbitrary discrimination.
  
As you consider rules for administering the relief fund, I ask that you
apply basic international human rights standards, and the general principle
of equality, by including among relatives eligible for compensation those
who lost their life partners, as well as de facto parents or children,
without regard to sexual orientation or marital status.  The State of New
York has already adopted such a policy, granting compensation benefits "on
a showing of mutual interdependence with the victim, in recognition that
anyone who shared with the victim living expenses, day to day activities
and the emotional bonds of family deserves help in this time of need."

Many lesbian and gay people were killed in the September 11th attacks.
Since then, lesbian and gay surviving partners of those killed have had
mixed results in obtaining equal treatment at the local level in the
distribution of relief funds by private and state agencies.  An inclusive
policy on the part of the federal government would help establish an
important principle for other such funds.  In compensating victims, real
justice will be served only when all families - and all types of families -
impacted by the human rights tragedy of September 11 are treated with
dignity and equality. 

Thank you for considering my concerns. I look forward to hearing from you
about your efforts to ensure that all surviving victims of the September 11
attacks have equal access to the relief fund.


Sincerely,
Individual Comment
Bemidji, MN


 
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Thursday, March 21, 2002 2:15 PM


9/11 Fund

I am  outraged that gay and lesbian partners of those who died on September 
11 are not automatically going to receive the same benefits as heterosexual 
spouses.

We are all Americans and it is grossly unfair that you are providing funds 
for incidents such as unborn fetuses and illegal aliens, but not for the 
gay/lesbian Americans who were just as equally affected by this terrorist 
attack.

Individual Comment
Riverside, CA
 
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Wednesday, December 19, 2001 4:56 PM
equal access


December  19, 2001

Dear Mr. Kenneth Zwick,

I write as a member of Amnesty International, a worldwide human rights
movement committed to ensuring respect for the basic human rights of people
without discrimination, in support of equal access to benefits under the
September 11 Victims Relief Fund for all victims, regardless of sexual
orientation or marital status. As you know, the United States has
committed to uphold international human rights standards, including the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights, which prohibit arbitrary discrimination.
  
As you consider rules for administering the relief fund, I ask that you
apply basic international human rights standards, and the general principle
of equality, by including among relatives eligible for compensation those
who lost their life partners, as well as de facto parents or children,
without regard to sexual orientation or marital status.  The State of New
York has already adopted such a policy, granting compensation benefits "on
a showing of mutual interdependence with the victim, in recognition that
anyone who shared with the victim living expenses, day to day activities
and the emotional bonds of family deserves help in this time of need."

Many lesbian and gay people were killed in the September 11th attacks.
Since then, lesbian and gay surviving partners of those killed have had
mixed results in obtaining equal treatment at the local level in the
distribution of relief funds by private and state agencies.  An inclusive
policy on the part of the federal government would help establish an
important principle for other such funds.  In compensating victims, real
justice will be served only when all families - and all types of families -
impacted by the human rights tragedy of September 11 are treated with
dignity and equality. 

Thank you for considering my concerns. I look forward to hearing from you
about your efforts to ensure that all surviving victims of the September 11
attacks have equal access to the relief fund.


Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Auburn, AL 




 
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December 14, 2001


Special Master Kenneth R. Feinberg
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund
U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20530

To Mr. Feinberg:

I am writing to urge you to ensure fair treatment for all surviving families of the tragedy on September
11th, including the children and families of low-wage workers and gay and lesbian families.  Under
traditional rules based on lost wages, the survivors of a bond trader earning millions of dollars per
year might receive thousands of times as much compensation as the survivors of a dishwasher in one of
the restaurants destroyed. Justice requires looking far beyond the last paycheck to the inherent worth of
all those killed, so that a high minimum compensation level is set to lessen the disparities. It would be a
double blow to the survivors to first lose their loved one and then watch as most of the taxpayer money
went to those who were already well off in the first place.

The second major issue has to do with recognizing the legitimacy of gay and lesbian relationships and 
families. Gay and lesbian families are especially vulnerable when one partner is killed. Because the
option of marriage is unavailable, these families may find themselves in the traumatic predicament of
having to prove that their union is legitimate. Fortunately, both the Red Cross and the State of New
York have already announced that they will not discriminate against gay and lesbian families. The
Department of Justice should do the same.

Thank you for considering my comments. I look forward to hearing how you will act on these very
important issues.

Sincerely,


Individual Comment
Milwaukee, WI 



 
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                <text>yes</text>
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            <description>The source of this item.</description>
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Sunday, March 17, 2002 12:06 PM

I am outraged and angered that gay and lesbian partners of those who died on 9/11 are not automatically
going to receive the same benefits as the hetero spouses!!! Please reconsider, and think about the bias
and hypocracy in what this means!!! sincerely, 

Individual Comment

 
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              <text>
December 13, 2001


Special Master Kenneth R. Feinberg
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund
U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20530

To Mr. Feinberg:

I am writing to urge you to ensure fair treatment for all surviving families of the tragedy on
September 11th, including the children and families of low-wage workers and gay and lesbian
families.

Under traditional rules based on lost wages, the survivors of a bond trader earning millions of
dollars per year might receive thousands of times as much compensation as the survivors of a
dishwasher in one of the restaurants destroyed. Justice requires looking far beyond the last
paycheck to the inherent worth of all those killed, so that a high minimum compensation level is
set to lessen the disparities. It would be a double blow to the survivors to first lose their loved
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The second major issue has to do with recognizing the legitimacy of gay and lesbian relationships
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Because the option of marriage is unavailable, these families may find themselves in the
traumatic predicament of having to prove that their union is legitimate. Fortunately, both the Red
Cross and the State of New York have already announced that they will not discriminate against
gay and lesbian families. The Department of Justice should do the same.

Thank you for considering my comments. I look forward to hearing how you will act on these
very important issues.

Sincerely,
     
Individual Comment
Highland Park, IL

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Wednesday, December 19, 2001 7:12 PM
Equal Access for Survivors' Families


December  19, 2001

Dear Mr. Kenneth Zwick,

I write as a member of Amnesty International, a worldwide human rights
movement committed to ensuring respect for the basic human rights of people
without discrimination, in support of equal access to benefits under the
September 11 Victims Relief Fund for all victims, regardless of sexual
orientation or marital status. As you know, the United States has
committed to uphold international human rights standards, including the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights, which prohibit arbitrary discrimination.
  
As you consider rules for administering the relief fund, I ask that you
apply basic international human rights standards, and the general principle
of equality, by including among relatives eligible for compensation those
who lost their life partners, as well as de facto parents or children,
without regard to sexual orientation or marital status.  The State of New
York has already adopted such a policy, granting compensation benefits "on
a showing of mutual interdependence with the victim, in recognition that
anyone who shared with the victim living expenses, day to day activities
and the emotional bonds of family deserves help in this time of need."

Many lesbian and gay people were killed in the September 11th attacks.
Since then, lesbian and gay surviving partners of those killed have had
mixed results in obtaining equal treatment at the local level in the
distribution of relief funds by private and state agencies.  An inclusive
policy on the part of the federal government would help establish an
important principle for other such funds.  In compensating victims, real
justice will be served only when all families - and all types of families -
impacted by the human rights tragedy of September 11 are treated with
dignity and equality. 

Thank you for considering my concerns. I look forward to hearing from you
about your efforts to ensure that all surviving victims of the September 11
attacks have equal access to the relief fund.


Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Annapolis, MD 




 
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Tuesday, March 12, 2002 8:44 AM
Denial of funds to gay partners


I am absolutely appalled that the gay partners of those who died on Sept. 11 will be denied funds!  This is reprehensible!  All the surviving family members should be equally compensated.  Sexual gender has no bearing in this matter.  Gay partners deserve equal treatment.  I donated money to a survivor's fund.  When I did so, I did not stipulate that the funds were to benefit straight people only.  That is totally absurd!  Give gay partners their due.  Their grief is not diminished because of their sexual preference.  They have suffered a tremendous loss as well, and should not be further victimized by the legal system!  My husband will be going to Afghanistan very soon.  He fights for all Americans, not just those who are heterosexual.  The least that you can do is to fight for the rights of the gay partners to receive due benefits.

Sincerely,
Individual Comment 


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               Uniformed Firefighters Association
                      of Greater New York
                   Local 94 I.A.F.F. AFL-CIO
                      New York, N.Y.

                                                            
                    December 12, 2001
                              

Mr. Kenneth L. Zwick
Director
Office of Management Programs
Civil Division
U.S. Department of Justice
Main Building-Room 3140
950 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20530

     Re: September 11th Victim Compensation Fund

Dear Director Zwick:

     I am the President of the Uniformed Firefighter's Association,
the union representing more than 9,000 New York City firefighters.
As I am sure your are aware, the terrorist attack on the World Trade
Center of September 11, 2001 resulted in the death of 343 New York
City firefighters and fire officers. Scores of additional firefighters and fire officers  were injured.
Moreover, thousands of
firefighters have worked tirelessly in the rescue/recovery effort,
and have been exposed to substantial amounts of toxic materials,
including asbestos, the full affects of which are not currently
known.

     Accordingly, I am writing to express my thoughts on the
above-noted Legislation and the regulations to be promulgated
pursuant to the statute.

     The statute defines a claimant as an individual who was
"present" at the World Trade Center, Pentagon or the Pennsylvania
crash site, "at the time, or in the immediate aftermath" of the
terrorist crashes of September 11, 2001.

     It is obvious that any individual, be it a firefighter or
civilian, who suffered physical harm in close proximity to the World
Trade Center Towers should be included within that definition. For
example, an individual struck by debris who was several blocks away
from the Trade Center site should be able to file a claim.

     It is equally important to have a broad definition of the phrase
"immediate aftermath."   As I write this letter, hundreds of
firefighters are still working daily at the site to recover the
remains of their fallen brothers. They are accompanied by numerous
police officer, construction workers and other brave rescue
personnel. We do not know what deleterious affect the exposure to
smoke and toxins emanating from the site will have upon these rescue
personnel in the near or long-term future. To the extent that they
develop diseases or illnesses, they are very much "victims" f the
terrorists attacks. I submit, therefore, that they should be
included as potential claimants under the statute.

     Moreover, I note that the statute was recently amended to cap
the liability of New York City for all claims arising out of the
crashes of September 11, 2001 at $350,000,000.00. That language
would seem to protect the City from any claim by a rescue worker that
he was not given appropriate protective equipment during the rescue
effort. If the City is to receive the benefit of this liability cap
to be used against rescue workers, I submit that it is only logical
and fair that rescue workers be included within the ambit of the
Victims Compensation Fund.

     I am also concerned with the two-year limitation period running
from the promulgation of regulations. If rescue workers are included
in the ambit of protection, it is very possible that they will not
know the extent of these damages for many years. The statute should
provide some remedy beyond the two-year limitation period for people
in that situation. For example, the two-year limitation period
should not commence until a claimant knew, or should have known, of 
his injury.

     I also note the statute provides no rights of appeal once the
Special Master renders a decision. I respectfully suggest that there
should be some provision in the law or regulations giving claimants
the right to contest a proposed award before a final decision is
made. Such a provision would allow the Special Master the leeway to
correct possible mistakes or misunderstandings regarding evidence and
provide a claimant with a method to point out such mistakes before a 
final resolution is achieved.

     I also submit that charitable gifts to the families of those
killed in the attacks should not serve as a "collateral source" to
reduce the damage award made to a claimant. It is beyond dispute
that when people made charitable contributions for the victims and
their families, they never intended those contributions to serve to
reduce the commitment of the government under the Victim Compensation
Fund. The gifts were not intended as government subsidies, but
rather to benefit those who suffered such horrendous losses.

     Finally, serious consideration should be given to the manner in
which the collateral source reductions are made. For example, in
many cases people who are killed are survived by a spouse and
children. If a spouse receives significant collateral source
payments, such as pensions and government awards, those payments
should not reduce a child's claim for loss of parental care and 
guidance or for the grief the child has suffered. In other words,
the collateral source reductions should be directed to specific
claims, rather than being an "across the board" reduction of any
award.

      I hope the above comments are of some assistance to you in the
formulating of appropriate regulations.

     Thank you for your consideration.

                              Very truly yours,
         Comment by:
                              UNIFORMED FIREFIGHTERS ASSOCIATION
         New York, NY


 
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Friday, March 29, 2002 9:17 PM

Dear Victims Compensation: Please re-consider and extend compensation to all 
families regardless of their lost loved one's sexual orientation.  
Compassion is compassion.  We really need to pull together in times like 
these, and ensure that whatever differences we may have are put aside in the 
midst of crisis and grief.
Sincerely, 

Individual Comment

 
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Thursday, March 14, 2002 10:44 AM
To Kenneth Feinberg, The Attorney General, and President Bush


I am appalled that you are willing to compromise the integrity of our
nation's proudly proclaimed desire to take care of its own by openly
discriminating against the gays and lesbians directly affected by the 9/11
tragedy.  What makes you, the Attorney General or anyone else think it is
acceptable to single out homosexual American citizens as less deserving of
benefit than others in this horrible circumstance? Their sexual orientation
has no bearing on anything whatsoever.  Claiming to "follow the states'
lead" in the matter of not officially recognizing homosexual relationships
as valid in this instance is a thin mask for blatant, corrupt homophobia.
I am fed up with our country claiming to be moral, righteous and One Nation
Under God while at the same time doing things like this: playing God, and
determining that some of God's blessed American citizens are innately much
less worthy than others.
It is not for you to decide.
It is up to you to protect and honor all American Citizens affected by 9/11,
even the homosexual ones.
Shame on you.

Sincerely, 

Individual Comment

 
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Wednesday, November 21, 2001 2:59 PM

comments



Attached, please find comments from the Association of
Flight Attendants regarding the notice of rulemaking of the
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund.




Attachment 1:



                                   November 21, 2001




Kenneth L. Zwick, Director

Office of Management Programs, Civil Division

U.S. Department of Justice

Main Building, Room 3140

950 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.

Washington, D.C. 20530



Dear Director Zwick:



On behalf of the Association of Flight Attendants (AFA), representing 50,000 flight attendants at 26 airlines,
we are writing to comment on the Department of Justice's November 5 Notice of Inquiry and Advanced
Notice of Rulemaking regarding  the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund of 2001.  AFA represents
some of the flight attendants lost onboard aircraft during the attacks of September 11th .



The purpose of the notice is to ask for public comment in the development of any rules established under the
program "including, but not limited to, potential beneficiaries of the program, their employers, the legal
community, and all those who have come forward to help those impacted." 



The September 11th Victim Compensation Fund is an important program in helping victims and their families
recover from the attacks.  However, we have concerns that the current proposed statute does not clearly
identify that domestic partners in same-sex relationships or non-biological children are eligible to receive
compensation from the Fund.   We believe that when Congress approved the Fund it was for the purpose of
helping all families to recover their economic security and ease the economic difficulties of all survivors.
Compensation delivered through the fund must assist all individuals adversely affected by the September 11th
attacks without regard to sexual orientation or biological relationship.



At some carriers represented by AFA, domestic partners are included in benefit and survivor packages. 
Clearly, companies have recognized the reality of family structures and relationships in today's society.  It
is important that when implementing the Fund, the Department must also recognize these relationships and
provide compensation to individuals that were economically and emotionally dependant on the victim. 



In conclusion, while we support the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund, we believe it is crucial that
all surviving family members, including same-sex partners and non-biological children of those who lost their
lives, have access to compensation from the Fund.



                                   Sincerely



Comments by Association of Flight Attendants
 
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            <description>Whether the author created this item.</description>
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            <name>Described by Author</name>
            <description>Whether the description of this item was submitted by the author.</description>
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                <text>no</text>
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                <text>2001-11-21</text>
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       VICTIM FUND TOTAL COMPENSATION CALCULATION FORMULA
                                
Start with victim's age and income.

Determine work-life expectancy based on victim's age using charts in checks article.


Calculate, for each year, the annual gross projected income, starting with 2001 and continuing until end
of work-life expectancy, using inflation/promotion increases for each year as year as set forth in the
"Presumed Economic and Non-Economic Loss Tables Explanation".

Calculate the projected taxes for each year based on the effective tax rate applied to the annual gross
projected income.

Calculate the projected consumption for each year based upon the consumption factor in the Bureau of
Labor Statistics tables, except for housing, health, education, cash contributions, insurance and pension,
as indicated in the "Presumed Economic and Non-Economic Loss Tables Explanations".  (N.B.: The
consumption factor changes over time as household size changes.)

Subtract from the annual gross projected income for each year both the projected taxes and the
projected consumption to determine the annual net projected income.

Calculate, for each year, the present value of the annual net projected income based upon the discount
rate of 5.13% as set forth in the "Presumed Economic Loss Tables Explanation".

Add the present values for each year to determine the total present value expenses, including but not
limited to medical expenses, burial expenses, etc.

Add the total present value income loss and the total present value expenses to determine the TOTAL
PRESENT VALUE ECONOMIC LOSS.

Determine, based upon individual information (or, if no individual information provided, using the
"Presumed Non-Economic Loss"), the TOTAL NON-ECONOMIC LOSS.

Determine the past collateral source compensation received.

To the extent that future mandated collateral source payments are known, determine for each year the
projected future annual collateral source compensation.

Calculate, for each year, the present value of the projected future annual collateral source
compensation, based upon the discount rate of 5.13% as set forth in the "Presumed Economic and Non
-Economic Loss Tables Explanation", to determine the total present value future collateral source
compensation.

Add the past collateral source compensation and the total present value future collateral source
compensation to determine the TOTAL PRESENT VALUE COLLATERAL SOURCE
COMPENSATION.

TOTAL PRESENT VALUE ECONOMIC LOSS plus TOTAL NON-ECONOMIC LOSS minus
TOTAL PRESENT VALUE COLLATERAL SOURCE COMPENSATION equals TOTAL
COMPENSATION.

COMMENT BY:
ELIOT SPITLER
ATTORNEY GENERAL
STATE OF NEW YORK
ALBANY, NY
 
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            <name>Copyright</name>
            <description>Whether the contributor holds copyright to this item.</description>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>The source of this item.</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="289307">
                <text>born-digital</text>
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Monday, January 07, 2002 12:14 AM
bystander

I'm just one of the people that sent money to be used for whatever it was needed for after the sept.11 attacks.All that I have been reading about since then is how many of the victims families feel they didn't get enough money from our government or thru the fund set up thru donates.I'm sure all these families have private life insurance that has been collected from plus what our government has gave them.When did this horror of sept.11 turn into a story of greed?The people like me that donated money sent it to be used in any way it was needed not just to fill a greedy persons pocket.There is a need of money for cleanup and aid to the people that lived or had businesses around the destroyed places.Our people and government didn't cause this horror to happen to anyone,but we have all tried in some way to help.It's a shame that some of the victims families want to use this offer of compassion just to fill their pockets.It makes alot of us that did donate feel maybe our money would have been used best at our own homes.
                 Just one donors view 

Sincerely,

Individual Comment 


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Friday, December 21, 2001 12:19 PM
Equal Access for Gay and Lesbian Partners


December  21, 2001

Dear Mr. Kenneth Zwick,

We write as members of Amnesty International, a worldwide human rights
movement committed to ensuring respect for the basic human rights of people
without discrimination, in support of equal access to benefits under the
September 11 Victims Relief Fund for all victims, regardless of sexual
orientation or marital status. As you know, the United States has
committed to uphold international human rights standards, including the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights, which prohibit arbitrary discrimination.
  
As you consider rules for administering the relief fund, we ask that you
apply basic international human rights standards, and the general principle
of equality, by including among relatives eligible for compensation those
who lost their life partners, as well as de facto parents or children,
without regard to sexual orientation or marital status.  The State of New
York has already adopted such a policy, granting compensation benefits "on
a showing of mutual interdependence with the victim, in recognition that
anyone who shared with the victim living expenses, day to day activities
and the emotional bonds of family deserves help in this time of need."

Many lesbian and gay people were killed in the September 11th attacks.
Since then, lesbian and gay surviving partners of those killed have had
mixed results in obtaining equal treatment at the local level in the
distribution of relief funds by private and state agencies.  An inclusive
policy on the part of the federal government would help establish an
important principle for other such funds.  In compensating victims, real
justice will be served only when all families - and all types of families -
impacted by the human rights tragedy of September 11 are treated with
dignity and equality. 

Thank you for considering our concerns.  We look forward to hearing from
you about your efforts to ensure that all surviving victims of the
September 11 attacks have equal access to the relief fund.


Sincerely,

Individual Comment
New York, NY

 
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              </elementText>
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            <description>The source of this item.</description>
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            <name>Media Type</name>
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Thursday, November 08, 2001 8:31 PM
People in Battery Park


To whom it may concern:

Please include the People who lived in Battery Park also as victims of the terrible desaster that occurred on September 11th, 2001.

Thank you for your consideration.


Individual Comment

 
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              </elementText>
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              </elementText>
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Thursday, January 10, 2002 5:27 AM
Victims compensation

   I am 100% against compensating victims from the September 11th attacks.  Americans GENEROUSLY gave to charities to help these people, and we should not have our tax dollars given to them also.  There are NO guarantees in life, and people die every day in car wrecks and other accidents, and the government doesn't provide their families with a large sum of money.  Our government was not responsible for these attacks and owes the victims NOTHING. 
Individual Comment

 
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Saturday, January 19, 2002 12:57 PM
Calculation of Loss

I have reviewed the memo sent by &amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp of the Feinberg
Group titled "Explanation of Process for Computing Presumed Economic
Loss."  This memo makes certain changes to the initial set of tables
provided by Mr. Feinberg.  In particular, it now uses the much more
appropriate and recent worklife tables prepared by Dr. James Ciecka
incorporating data for the workforce from 1997-1998.  However, rather than
use the Ciecka data that are separated for males and females, Mr. Feinberg
has taken an average worklife for men and women and intends to use that
for both sexes.  That is not the best use of the data, which should be
used to prepare two sets of loss tables; one for males and one for
females.   If a unisex table is going to be used, there is one further
correction that needs to be made to calculate an average worklife table
combining both sexes.  A simple average assumes that there is an equal
number of males and females in the group, and this is not true.  To
correctly create an average unisex worklife, it must be a weighted average
based on the weights of males and females in the workforce.  This
information is readily available from the Bureau of Census in their annual
report in the P20 series.  Specifically, the report that should be used is
not the most recent, but the one that corresponds in time to the period
used by Dr. Ciecka in developing the worklife tables, namely, the 1998
data.  The report I refer to is P20-513, "Educational Attainment in the
United States, March, 1998, Table 6, "Educational Attainment of Persons 16
Years Old and Older, by Labor Force Status, Age, Sex, Race and Hispanic
Origin: March, 1998."  This entire document is available on the Census web
site and it contains the numbers of male and female workers at each age
used in the Feinberg tables.  Failure to use a weighted average will under
compensate males, whose worklife is statistically longer than that of
females, yet males comprise a larger proportion of the workforce.  The
only advantage to the Fund of using a non-weighted average is to reduce
the total payout from the Fund.  I do not believe this is the intent or
purpose of the Fund.

The second point is that the net discount rates (NDRs) have been
incorrectly calculated.  Reference to any standard finance or business
statistics text book will explain that the NDR is not calculated by use of
simple subtraction, as was done by the persons who prepared the loss
tables for Mr. Feinberg.  In the tables now proposed, there are three NDRs
based on age of the decedent.  These have been calculated by subtracting
the wage growth rate (G) from the discount rate (D) to derive the NDRs as
follows:

Age 30 and younger:        5.13% - 6.60% = -1.47% NDR
Age 31 through 50:          5.13% - 5.10% =   0.03% NDR
Age 51 and over:              5.13% - 4.20% =  0.93% NDR

The correct procedure is as follows.

D = Discount rate
G = Growth rate in wages
NDR = Net Discount Rate
D and G are entered as decimal values.  For instance, 5.13% is entered as
.0513.

NDR = ((1+D) / (1+G) - 1) x 100

Using this procedure, the corrected NDR's are, respectively, -1.38%,
.0285%, and .893%.

The lingering questions are:  1) Why were the earnings histories of civil
service personnel and military personnel used as a proxy for earnings
growth in private industry?  It certainly cannot be for a lack of data as
there is a plethora of data available for the civilian private workforce
sector.  2)  Why is it assumed that a person working full time provides
absolutely zero value in household services?  This is totally unrealistic
in real life and is a routinely included element of damages in civil
cases, both injury and death.

My last point has to do with collateral sources.  In civil litigation,
life insurance is considered a collateral source and not used as a
mitigating offset to the loss.  Repeatedly, appeal courts have ruled that
the defendant cannot benefit from the foresight and provisions made by a
decedent to protect his heirs financially.  I fear that by using life
insurance proceeds as a mitigating offset the Fund will reap the result it
is specifically trying to avoid:  the filing of individual lawsuits in
civil court.  Those heirs who were the beneficiaries of substantial life
insurance proceeds will have no incentive to apply through the Fund, and
will be driven to civil litigation for redress of their losses.  This will
not benefit the airlines nor the airports nor the security firms at those
airports.

My qualification for offering these comments is 29 years experience as a
forensic economist with over 5,000 cases evaluated, equally divided
between plaintiff and defendant.  I have a Ph.D. in Finance, am the author
of &amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp now in its &amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp revision, &amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp .  
(Please note that I am not the spokesperson for NAFE.)

Individual Comment
San Diego, CA 
 
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