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                  <text>The Department of Justice received more than 11,000 e-mails in response to the agency's public solicitation for comments upon its plans to distribute the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund of 2001 established by Congress to benefit the victims of September 11 and their families.  These e-mails have been organized here by date.</text>
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Monday, January 14, 2002 6:27 PM
Re: Flight 93 Victim-Comment on Interim Regulations for 9/11
Victim Compensation

Our firm represents the widow of a passenger who died on United Airlines 
flight 93.  We object to the provisions of section 104.47(a) of your Interim 
Regulations to the extent that section treats proceeds of privately paid for 
life insurance as "collateral source compensation" as a reduction to the 
amount of compensation available to eligible claimants under the 9/11 Victim 
Compensation Fund of 2001.

The claimant and her deceased husband paid all of the premiums for their 
private insurance  policy coverage in a financially prudent manner over the 
life of these policies.  They should not be penalized for doing so in regard 
to participation in the 9/11 Fund, as compared to  other victims who were not 
so financially responsible prior to 9/11 , and who did not pay for such 
insurance, but who  end up being covered by the Fund for failing to do so.

Furthermore, the inclusion of this provision in the Regulations acts as a 
disincentive for insured victims'  surviving spouses and dependents to waive 
their private litigation claims and participate in the Fund.  Instead, this 
provision promotes private litigation alternatives, which quickly become more 
attractive than waiver of those litigation rights by participation in the 
Victims Fund program. As one of the objectives of this program is to 
eliminate or reduce a plethora of private litigation, this provision should 
be removed to restore a broad incentive to participate in this Fund.

Finally, the tort laws generally applicable in these private litigation 
situations do not require plaintiffs to reduce their claims by the amount of 
private insurance received by them.  Your regulations should be consistent 
with those principles of normal tort law.

As an alternative to eliminating this reduction for private insurance 
proceeds, if that is not agreeable to you, you should definitely have an 
attractive significant minimum sum which a surviving spouse and each eligible 
dependent of a victim can receive by Fund participation, which is not  to be 
reduced by any "collateral source compensation" which may also be available 
to victims' spouses and dependents.

Individual Comment
Palo Alto, CA
 
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December 13, 2001


Special Master Kenneth R. Feinberg
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund
U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20530

To Mr. Feinberg:

I am writing to urge you to ensure fair treatment for all surviving families of the tragedy on September 11th, 
including the children and families of low-wage workers and gay and lesbian families.

Under traditional rules based on lost wages, the survivors of a bond trader earning millions of dollars per
year might receive thousands of times as much compensation as the survivors of a dishwasher in one of the
restaurants destroyed. Justice requires looking far beyond the last paycheck to the inherent worth of all
those killed, so that a high minimum compensation level is set to lessen the disparities. It would be a double
blow to the survivors to first lose their loved one and then watch as most of the taxpayer money went to those
who were already well off in the first place.

The second major issue has to do with recognizing the legitimacy of gay and lesbian relationships and 
families. Gay and lesbian families are especially vulnerable when one partner is killed. Because the option of
marriage is unavailable, these families may find themselves in the traumatic predicament of having to prove
that their union is legitimate. Fortunately both the Red Cross and the State of New York have already 
announced that they will not discriminate against gay and lesbian families. The Department of Justice should
do the same.

Thank you for considering my comments. I look forward to hearing how you will act on these very important 
issues.

Sincerely,
Individual Comment
Honolulu,HI

 
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Wednesday, March 20, 2002 1:49 AM
Horrified by your Discrimination

Dear administrators,
 Your actions to discriminate against gay and lesbian survivors is
outrageous. THEY were AMERICANS first. Their SURVIVORS are AMERICANS.  Your
actions manifests suffering and conduct that is reprehensible and against
the foundations that this country stands for and for which we are waging
this WAR.  Where is the compassion? Where is the sense of oneness? Please
change this rule and stop this narrow political force of discrimination.

Thanks,
Individual Comment
San Francisco CA



 
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Friday, December 21, 2001 4:44 PM
Please support equal treatment.


December  21, 2001

Dear Mr. Kenneth Zwick,

I write as a member of Amnesty International, a worldwide human rights
movement committed to ensuring respect for the basic human rights of people
without discrimination, in support of equal access to benefits under the
September 11 Victims Relief Fund for all victims, regardless of sexual
orientation or marital status. As you know, the United States has
committed to uphold international human rights standards, including the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights, which prohibit arbitrary discrimination.
  
As you consider rules for administering the relief fund, I ask that you
apply basic international human rights standards, and the general principle
of equality, by including among relatives eligible for compensation those
who lost their life partners, as well as de facto parents or children,
without regard to sexual orientation or marital status.  The State of New
York has already adopted such a policy, granting compensation benefits "on
a showing of mutual interdependence with the victim, in recognition that
anyone who shared with the victim living expenses, day to day activities
and the emotional bonds of family deserves help in this time of need."

Many lesbian and gay people were killed in the September 11th attacks.
Since then, lesbian and gay surviving partners of those killed have had
mixed results in obtaining equal treatment at the local level in the
distribution of relief funds by private and state agencies.  An inclusive
policy on the part of the federal government would help establish an
important principle for other such funds.  In compensating victims, real
justice will be served only when all families - and all types of families -
impacted by the human rights tragedy of September 11 are treated with
dignity and equality. 

Thank you for considering my concerns. I look forward to hearing from you
about your efforts to ensure that all surviving victims of the September 11
attacks have equal access to the relief fund.


Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Isla Vista, CA 





 
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Wednesday, December 19, 2001 11:08 AM
equal treatment


Dear Mr. Kenneth Zwick,

I write as a member of Amnesty International, a worldwide human rights
movement committed to ensuring respect for the basic human rights of people
without discrimination, in support of equal access to benefits under the
September 11 Victims Relief Fund for all victims, regardless of sexual
orientation or marital status. As you know, the United States has
committed to uphold international human rights standards, including the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights, which prohibit arbitrary discrimination.
  
As you consider rules for administering the relief fund, I ask that you
apply basic international human rights standards, and the general principle
of equality, by including among relatives eligible for compensation those
who lost their life partners, as well as de facto parents or children,
without regard to sexual orientation or marital status.  The State of New
York has already adopted such a policy, granting compensation benefits "on
a showing of mutual interdependence with the victim, in recognition that
anyone who shared with the victim living expenses, day to day activities
and the emotional bonds of family deserves help in this time of need."

Many lesbian and gay people were killed in the September 11th attacks.
Since then, lesbian and gay surviving partners of those killed have had
mixed results in obtaining equal treatment at the local level in the
distribution of relief funds by private and state agencies.  An inclusive
policy on the part of the federal government would help establish an
important principle for other such funds.  In compensating victims, real
justice will be served only when all families - and all types of families -
impacted by the human rights tragedy of September 11 are treated with
dignity and equality. 

Thank you for considering my concerns. I look forward to hearing from you
about your efforts to ensure that all surviving victims of the September 11
attacks have equal access to the relief fund.


Sincerely,
Individual Comment
San Francisco, CA 

 
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Tuesday, November 06, 2001 11:01 AM
Suggestion

Perhaps victims' families should only be allowed to submit bills to the
fund, and the fund would pay those bills directly.  Charities should work
the same way.  That way, expenses could not be submitted to both.  

I wrote a check to charity, and don't feel that it should be disregarded
when compensating victim's families from the fund.

Individual Comment
 
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Sunday, March 17, 2002 4:26 PM
discrimination


I would like to share my opinion on a sensitive subject. According to his article there is a horrific discrimination that is taking place in our country; the 9/11 fund.

 [Read this article for complete details about how the Fund is discriminating against gays:
http://uspolitics.about.com/library/weekly/aa031102a.htm ]


All affected Americans deserve a fair portion of this fund without discrimination. It shouldn't matter whether they ar purple or yellow, male or female, gay or heterosexual. If illegal aliens are entitled to help (even though they and their employers are breaking the law) why can't he homosexual population recieve the same benefits? It just doesn't mae sense to me! 




Individual Comment
Downingtown, Pa
 
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Friday, November 09, 2001 7:00 PM
Victim Compensation

I'm having trouble with my emails so you may already have one from


Please review my suggestion.  I know it won't carry any weight, but it feels
good to "think" I'm participating.

God Bless,

Attachment 1:
Victimcomp.comments@usdoj.gov

I do not know the amount set-aside for the 911 Victims in New York, Pennsylvania and Washington.  However, rates of payment should be based on Current Annual Middle Individual-Income level.  Those who earned less than the National Average would probably have not covered themselves with life insurance or only with a low amount.  Nor might they have been working in jobs that provided employer paid medical insurance or Worker's Compensation, pensions and the like.

Pensions, Charity Awards and Workers Compensation, Life, Medical or business or State Disability insurance, and Social Security should "not" have to be exhausted in order to receive the benefit from the government. Therefore, the victims in the higher income brackets who have these things will not appear to be penalized.

I have not seen that people cannot sue any other entity.  Many businesses in and around the World Trade Center are gone, or reduced.  Yet there is the potential for victims or their heirs to sue. These awards should also not have to be exhausted in order to collect the government award.  This is a payment made on behalf of the airlines, which would otherwise be liable regardless of any other of these compensations.

Victim Compensation should be considered a "minimal supplement" to their Loss of Income. It is meant to help the families meet the financial challenge of losing a provider through death or through disability (based on a typical insurance company schedule for disability or dismemberment/disfigurement, and medical expenses not covered by insurance) in their household. As long as you are bailing out the airlines, the limit per beneficiary should be modeled after no more than the middle individual-income base.

However, where the victim who died is a child up to age 18, (or college students to age 25) it would be assumed they had not been a primary contributor to a household, yet a compensation should be awarded. It would seem the minimum amount (1 year income) on the schedule would still be awarded as there are expenses with burial and some family members may not have had paid bereavement days through their employers.  This is the case where humanity is applied to show some value to the grief.

Those injured, yet not disabled or disfigured, should also receive compensation for time lost at work, plus medical expenses not covered by insurance.  Example: the Middle-Individual-Income Adjusted rate x hours missed ($14.37 x 120 hours = $1,724.40 and out-of-pocket medical expenses).

Assumption:
* 20 years old would have a projected income for 45 years   
  (to age 65)
· Annual National Average is somewhere near $28,000 ($13.46/hr.)
· Insurance premium for medical coverage (employer paid portion, i.e., 80%) of perhaps $.91/hour ($200 mo. x 80% /2080)  
* TOTAL Adjusted First Year income: $29,889.60 ($14.37/hr.)
* .03 projected increase per year (or whatever the national average on increases actually is):

Table shows simplified increments:

1-year (Minimum): $ 29,889.60
5-year: $128,798.35
10-year: $312,761.17
20-year: $773,255.15
30-year: $1,392,120.55
40-year: $2,223,823.89
45-year (Maximum): $2,741,469.97

Payment for a Death would require an amount adjacent to the number of years they would have lived before the 65-year retirement age, but "not less" than $29,889.60 (that would cover those past the retirement age). 

If Joe and Mary Smith were each 35 years old and died in the event, their heirs would be entitled to a total of $2,784,240 (2 x the 30-year rate). Which, if deposited and accrued .04 interest/year, it would provide $111,369 interest income a year on which to live, the equivalent of each earning $55,684/year. If they follow this method of preserving their award, the first year of annual income will then be near twice the National Middle-Income level, while maintaining the original award amount.

I believe this would be fair since the beneficiaries would be signing away the right to sue the airlines for wrongful death, malpractice, pain and suffering, unsafe conditions, and etc. 

If you do not have $12+ Billion, use the Minimum Wage scenario because that amount is the "least any citizen could have earned":

Assumption:
* 20 years old would have a projected income for 45 years   
  (to age 65)
· Annual Minimum Wage is somewhere near $13,000 ($6.25/hr.)
· Insurance premium (employer paid) of perhaps $.91/hour (Employee only, paid at 80% of full medical premium by employer)
* Total first year income: $14,892
* .03 increase projected per year:

Table shows simplified increments:

1-year (Minimum): $ 14,892
5-year: $64,175
10-year: $155,836
20-year: $385,282
30-year: $693,638
40-year: $1,108,043
45-year (Maximum): $1,365,965

In this scenario, Joe and Mary Smiths heirs would receive $1,387,276.  Which, if deposited and accrued .04 interest/year, would provide $55,491 interest income a year on which to live, the equivalent of each earning $27,745.50/year.  If they follow this method of preserving their award, the annual income will then be near the National Middle-Income level the first year while maintaining the original award amount.  It will have allowed the beneficiaries who would otherwise not have received Workers Compensation, Pensions, Charity Awards and Life, Medical or Disability insurances, or had the ability to sue the airlines, that extra margin of relief.

If you use a formula similar to one of these ideas, drop me a line.  Id like to know my idea was a good one.


Thank you,

Individual Comment
 
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              <text>
Tuesday, March 12, 2002 1:58 PM
partners of gay or lesbian victims


Is it true that you will be denying benefits to partners of gay or lesbian
victims and heroes? &amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp , who helped bring down the plane in
Pennsylvania, and NYFD &amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp , were both openly gay.
They courageously risked and lost their lives trying to save the lives of
others in this hideous disaster. Just like hundreds of brave people did. But
these peoples have partners and families who will receive some benefit from
you. 

If you have decided to exclude life partners of the gay men and lesbians who
perished in this attack, I ask you to please reconsider.

Thank you.



Individual Comment
Chicago, IL
 
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Monday, December 03, 2001 12:18 PM
Sept 11 Victim Compensation Fund

I wish to express my conviction that the Dept. of Justice should adminster
the "September 11 Victim Compensation Fund" in a way that includes gay,
lesbian, bisexual, and transgendered persons and their loved ones.  We all
suffered on that day, regardless of our gender or sexual orientation.
Common decency should not prevent us from recognizing this basic fact.
Thank you.

Individual Comment
Minneapolis, MN 


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              <text>

Friday, December 28, 2001 8:30 AM
With deep concern




December  28, 2001

Dear Mr. Kenneth Zwick,

I write as a member of Amnesty International, a worldwide human rights
movement committed to ensuring respect for the basic human rights of people
without discrimination, in support of equal access to benefits under the
September 11 Victims Relief Fund for all victims, regardless of sexual
orientation or marital status. As you know, the United States has
committed to uphold international human rights standards, including the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights, which prohibit arbitrary discrimination.
  
As you consider rules for administering the relief fund, I ask that you
apply basic international human rights standards, and the general principle
of equality, by including among relatives eligible for compensation those
who lost their life partners, as well as de facto parents or children,
without regard to sexual orientation or marital status.  The State of New
York has already adopted such a policy, granting compensation benefits "on
a showing of mutual interdependence with the victim, in recognition that
anyone who shared with the victim living expenses, day to day activities
and the emotional bonds of family deserves help in this time of need."

Many lesbian and gay people were killed in the September 11th attacks.
Since then, lesbian and gay surviving partners of those killed have had
mixed results in obtaining equal treatment at the local level in the
distribution of relief funds by private and state agencies.  An inclusive
policy on the part of the federal government would help establish an
important principle for other such funds.  In compensating victims, real
justice will be served only when all families - and all types of families -
impacted by the human rights tragedy of September 11 are treated with
dignity and equality. 

Thank you for considering my concerns. I look forward to hearing from you
about your efforts to ensure that all surviving victims of the September 11
attacks have equal access to the relief fund.


Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Mount Vernon, ME



 
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Tuesday, March 19, 2002 10:09 AM
Gays and Lesbians discriminated against by 9/11 fund

To whom it may concern;
   I, as an American citizen am completely appalled at the Attorney 
General and 9/11 funds discrimination against American citizens, while
allowing those who are in the country illegally to collect benifits.
   Unfortunately, I am not at all surprised.  Although every national 
poll has shown that a clear majority of American citizens believe that 
homosexuals deserve the same rights as every other American citizen; the
conservative right-wing branch of the Republican party has used the 
marginalization of gay people as a rallying cry for too many years to 
stop it now.  They even marginalized Barry Goldwater in his later years 
because he felt that gays as American citizens should have the same 
rights as eveybody else.
   I believe that every person who contributed to the 9/11 fund who does 
not agree with the Feinberg ruling on homosexuals should immediately 
file suit against the US government to get their contribution back.

Sincerely;
Individual Comment

 
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Tuesday, December 18, 2001 3:01 PM
Reply to Special Master

Kenneth R. Feinberg, 
with regard to your message, do remmember to make this "commitment" you speack of not only "efficient, simple, and fair" but a democratic one, one of liberty and justice for ALL! 

Sincerely,
Individual Comment

Miami, FL

 
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December 13, 2001


Special Master Kenneth R. Feinberg
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund
U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20530

To Mr. Feinberg:

I am writing to urge you to ensure fair treatment for all surviving families of the tragedy on
September 11th, including the children and families of low-wage workers and gay and lesbian
families.

Under traditional rules based on lost wages, the survivors of a bond trader earning millions of
dollars per year might receive thousands of times as much compensation as the survivors of a
dishwasher in one of the restaurants destroyed. Justice requires looking far beyond the last
paycheck to the inherent worth of all those killed, so that a high minimum compensation level is
set to lessen the disparities. It would be a double blow to the survivors to first lose their loved
one and then watch as most of the taxpayer money went to those who were already well off in the
first place.

The second major issue has to do with recognizing the legitimacy of gay and lesbian relationships
and families. Gay and lesbian families are especially vulnerable when one partner is killed.
Because the option of marriage is unavailable, these families may find themselves in the
traumatic predicament of having to prove that their union is legitimate. Fortunately, both the Red
Cross and the State of New York have already announced that they will not discriminate against
gay and lesbian families. The Department of Justice should do the same.

Thank you for considering my comments. I look forward to hearing how you will act on these
very important issues.

Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Providence, RI

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Tuesday, April 02, 2002 8:38 AM
From a taxpayer

Hello,

I pay taxes and would like to receive the same benefits as other
taxpayers in this country.  Likewise, I would hope that the taxpayers
that lost their partners in the bombing would receive the same
consideration.  Please don't talk out of both sides of your mouth on
this one.  You deny us the right to marry, and then say that we cannot
receive benefits because our relationship is not as meaningful since we
are not married.
Please THINK.

Individual Comment
Louisville, KY
 
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Sunday, March 17, 2002 12:39 PM
Some American heroes more 'equal' than others


To the administrators of the Victim Compensation Fund:

I want to take this opportunity as a patriotic American
citizen to say that I am outraged that gay and lesbian partners
of those who died on September 11 are not automatically going 
to receive the same benefits as heterosexual spouses. 

I have learned that the head of your fund, a fund created by 
Congress to help the families of those who died on September 11,
has made it clear that the partners of gay and lesbian heroes 
of September 11 will not necessarily receive the same benefits 
as the spouses of heterosexual victims of the horrible terror 
attacks.  

It also appears that illegal aliens will also be 
receiving benefits under this program, and that federal law 
will be overlooked with the illegally resident families 
of illegal aliens who were killed on 9/11 being compensated
instead of deported. It also appears that American
companies who hired illegal aliens killed on 9/11 will not
be punished for being in direct violation of federal labor
laws.

But when  it comes to the heroes of that tragic day who
happen to be gay or lesbian such as...

             who helped bring down the flight in 
Pennsylvania before it could reach its target, or

New York Fire Dept.              who 
died in the line of duty when the first tower fell, or

             who was             of the plane that crashed into the              (there are many more)...
 
we are told the law is the law and no exceptions can be made.

The truth is that our patriotism and love of country transcend 
our differences and unite us all.  We were told that September 11
was the day that "hyphenated-Americans" were no more, and rather than 
being Italian-Americans, African-Americans or gay-Americans, 
we were now simply Americans, all of us together as one 
American family.  

When our government wants to use our heroism to inspire others the hyphens
conveniently don't exist, but when it comes time to actually aid the
families and loved ones of those heroes, the hyphens magically reappear,
with some American heroes being more equal than others.

In my opinion, this policy is outrageous and un-American.

For those readers who are interested in the complete details 
about how the Fund is discriminating against gay and lesbian
partners of the 9/11 heroes, please visit the website:

Individual Comment

 
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December 14, 2001


Special Master Kenneth R. Feinberg
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund
U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20530

To Mr. Feinberg:

I am writing to urge you to ensure fair treatment for all surviving families of the tragedy on September
11th, including the children and families of low-wage workers and gay and lesbian families.  Under
traditional rules based on lost wages, the survivors of a bond trader earning millions of dollars per
year might receive thousands of times as much compensation as the survivors of a dishwasher in one of
the restaurants destroyed. Justice requires looking far beyond the last paycheck to the inherent worth of
all those killed, so that a high minimum compensation level is set to lessen the disparities. It would be a
double blow to the survivors to first lose their loved one and then watch as most of the taxpayer money
went to those who were already well off in the first place.

The second major issue has to do with recognizing the legitimacy of gay and lesbian relationships and 
families. Gay and lesbian families are especially vulnerable when one partner is killed. Because the
option of marriage is unavailable, these families may find themselves in the traumatic predicament of
having to prove that their union is legitimate. Fortunately, both the Red Cross and the State of New
York have already announced that they will not discriminate against gay and lesbian families. The
Department of Justice should do the same.

Thank you for considering my comments. I look forward to hearing how you will act on these very
important issues.

Sincerely,
     
Individual Comment
Finland, MN 


 
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Thursday, January 17, 2002 10:25 AM
9/11 Victim Comp. Fund


        January 17, 2002

Kenneth L. Zwick, Director
Office of Management Programs
Civil Division
U.S. Department of Justice
Main Building, Room 3140
950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20530


Re: Comments to September 11 Victim Compensation Fund
       of 2000 Interim Final Rule

Dear Mr. Zwick:

    I am a partner in the Stamford, Connecticut law firm &amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp&amp;nbsp .  I was pleased to learn that the Special Master recently
opened an office on Atlantic Street in Stamford.  As you may know, our community
is a mere 25 miles from Manhattan.  Many people in the greater-Stamford area
commute daily to New York City.  As a result, ours is among the many communities
that have suffered immensely as result of the attacks of September 11, and our
firm represents several victims of these attacks.  Each faces a decision
concerning whether to take advantage of the Victim's Compensation Fund ("Fund"),
and we are attempting to counsel them in connection with this decision. 

    I have reviewed the Interim Final Rule and its enabling legislation, and
write to offer the following comments and questions, which I ask that the
Special Master consider in promulgating the Final Rule.  Let me begin by
expressing my admiration and gratitude for the work that your office done to
date, under difficult circumstances.  In my estimation, the Interim Final Rule
resolves many thorny issues fairly and thoughtfully.    However, the Interim
Final Rule also leaves unanswered many questions of widespread application
concerning matters such as the calculation of income and the treatment of
potential collateral source reductions.  Among them:

    1.  Determination of Presumed Economic Loss for Decedents.  Section 104.43
directs the Special Master to evaluate the victim' s income history and
specifically states that "The decedent's salary/income in 1998 - 2000 shall be
evaluated in a manner that the Special Master deems appropriate.  The Special
Master may, if he deems appropriate, take an average of income figures for each
of those three years."

    A great many of the victims were professionals in their mid-thirties who
were undoubtedly just hitting their strides, career-wise.  At this time of life
many individuals make the leap from junior management to more senior management
positions.  For example, it would be most unfair to look to a three year average
income figure in the case of an executive who had in the year of death just
received a big promotion and raise.  The overwhelming likelihood is that a young
person who had achieved such professional success would continue to succeed.  To
apply a three year average "rule" in such a situation is tantamount to assuming
that the victim would not or could not maintain his or her current position. 
While it is certainly helpful to claimants to know what factors the Special
Master might take into account in assessing income, it is critical that the
three year averaging "rule" not be woodenly applied.

    2.  Determination of presumed non-economic losses for decedents.  Section
104.44 states that the presumed non-economic loss shall be $250,000 "plus an
additional $50,000 for the spouse and each dependent."  The $250,000 figure is a
fraction of what the victim's family might receive in a civil suit.  If a
purpose of the Fund is to induce victims' families to forego litigation against
the airlines, consideration should be given to increasing the "base" award for
non-economic loss to a more realistic number.

    3.  Amount of Compensation.  Section 104.41 provides, in part, that "In no
event shall an award (before collateral source compensation has been deducted)
be less than $500,000.".  There is still considerable uncertainty as to how the
deduction for collateral source payment is going to be applied.  That being the
case, to alleviate some of the victims' uncertainty -- and also as an inducement
to participation in the federal fund rather than a civil suit -- the Rule should
be revised to provide for a minimum award size that would be determined without
regard to the amount of collateral source compensation.  The Special Master has
recently been quoted by the media as suggesting that he would exercise his
discretion to be sure that each claimant received an award of at least $250,000.
 I would suggest that the minimum award size must be at least twice that amount
to make it economically rational for the families of those victims who were
prudent enough to insure their lives to participate in the Fund.
    
    4.  Collateral Sources.  Section 405(b)(6) of the underlying legislation,
Title IV of Public Law 107-42 ("Air Transportation Safety and System
Stabilization Act") (the "Act"), mandates a reduction to the award for payments
from "collateral sources".  Section 104.47 of the Rule tracks the language of
the statute and describes collateral sources as including "life insurance,
pension funds, death benefit programs and payments by federal, state or local
governments."  Nowhere are any of these expressions defined for purposes of the
Fund.

    Many of the victims were highly compensated professionals, and it is likely
that many had life insurance (which they themselves paid for), and retirement
plans such as 401(k) accounts (to which they contributed their own money, rather
than investing these funds in some other type of savings vehicle).  Virtually
all of the victims will have  died "on the job" and their survivors may be
eligible to receive worker compensation benefits.  

    The underlying legislation was intended to encourage the victims' survivors
to participate in the Fund rather than pursue a tort claim against the airlines.
 If the families of the victims are to be induced to forego suit, the meaning of
"collateral sources" should be relatively narrow.

        A.  Workers' Compensation.  Will workers' compensation payments be
treated as collateral sources?  The Summary of Public Comments submitted in
response to the November 5, 2001 Notice of Inquiry and Advance Notice of Rule
Making indicates that this issue was considered.  Yet , the Interim Final Rule
does not address the question and one is left to speculate as to whether, and if
so to what extent, workers' compensation payments will be treated as collateral
sources for purposes of the Fund.  In order that potential claimants may
evaluate the benefits of participation in the Fund as compared with
participation in litigation, the Final Rule should provide unambiguously whether
workers' compensation benefits operate to reduce a claimant's award. 

    For example, worker compensation should not be considered a collateral
source payment.  Although these payments are made by an insurance company, they
are not technically "life insurance" nor are they technically payments "by" the
government.  Moreover, if worker compensation benefits were to be considered
collateral sources, these payments would be virtually impossible to value. 

    For instance, the standard death benefit under New York law is $400 per
week, which terminates in the event that the surviving spouse remarries.  How
would one value this benefit?  What term would one use, especially in light of
the possibility that the surviving spouse will remarry, thereby terminating
benefits entirely?  If some arbitrary term is selected, what would the term be? 
What discount rate would be applied to reduce the value to a lump sum present
value?

    In my view, because of these difficulties in valuing the benefit, coupled
with the fact that workers' compensation is not an enumerated collateral source,
nor is it a payment by Federal, State or local government, the Final Rule should
provide that workers' compensation benefits are not collateral sources for
purposes of the Fund.

        B.  Pension Funds.  The Final Rule should provide a more specific
definition of "pension funds." Will the Fund utilize the definition of "pension"
utilized for purposes of ERISA, or will a different definition be applied?  
    
    How will the Special Master calculate the collateral source reduction based
upon pension fund payments? Many retirement plans are funded by both employer
and employee contribution.  One example of this is a 401(k) plan where the
employer "matches".  It would seem unfair, and contrary to the intent of the
collateral source provisions of the statute, to consider the employee's own
contributions and growth attributable to these contributions to be collateral
sources.  They are, in effect, no different than savings on the part of the
victim.  It would be more appropriate to limit the offset for "pension funds" to
that portion of any retirement benefit that is attributable to the  employers'
contribution and the growth attributable to that contribution.

    On a related topic, will the Special Master consider employer contributions
to pension funds for the years 1998 through 2000 in calculation of income?  The
Presumed Economic and Noneconomic Loss Tables indicate that pretax earnings will
include "base salary and bonuses plus certain employer benefits (such as
premiums for medical coverage paid by the employer)."  Will employer
contributions to pension funds be among those employer benefits that will be
included in the calculation of income?

    C.  Executive Defined Contribution Plans.  Many claimants are entitled to
stock pursuant to executive defined contribution plans.  For instance, our firm
represents a potential claimant whose husband was killed in the collapse of the
World Trade Center towers.  At the time of his death, he was the beneficiary of
an EDCP consisting of stock in a privately held company.  Some of the shares had
vested in decedent prior to September 11, 2001; and some of the shares were
unvested as of September 11, 2001 but vested subsequently.  

    Will the value of shares that vested in the years 1998 through 2000 be
considered as income in these years by the Special Master?  If so, how will the
value of these shares be calculated?

        D.  Life Insurance.  With respect to life insurance, Section 405(b)(6)
of the Act only requires an offset for insurance payable to the "claimant". 
Section 104.2(a) of the Rule narrowly defines "claimant" as any September 11th
victim or the victim's personal representative.  Abidingly, the Rule should
assign the narrowest possible definition to the collateral source reduction for
life insurance, while still adhering to the Congressional mandate, by treating
only insurance payable to the victim or his or her estate as a collateral source
payment.  As it stands now, Section 104.41 of the Rule offsets for all insurance
on the victim's life.  This interpretation penalizes the families of those
victims who prudently invested disposable income in insurance as opposed to
other investment vehicles.  The potential inequities of this interpretation are
exacerbated by the "cap" placed on the economic losses payable to families of
victims who were financially successful.  By capping awards and subtracting all
insurance proceeds, the Rules as presently structured may essentially eliminate
the ability of many families to obtain relief from the Fund.  Conversely, if
EDCP benefits are considered to be potential collateral sources, will the
Special Master include all vested and unvested shares (as of 9/11/2001) in the
calculation of collateral sources; or only shares that were unvested as of
September 11 but vested subsequently?  Or, will another analysis be utilized?

    5.  Review of Presumed Awards.  The Interim Rule makes clear that the
Special Master may increase a presumed award upon review of claimant-specific
information.  Does the Special Master anticipate that presumed awards may be
reduced in some cases following a review of individual specific information? 
Or, will the presumed award operate as a floor?

    6.  Publication of awards.  Section 104.34 provides, in part, that the
Special Master "reserves the right to publicize the amounts of some or all of
the rewards".  It seems to me that the interest of the families are best served
if the Special Master is required to publish all awards together with some type
of summary describing the victim's family and financial circumstances but not
identifying any individual by name.  This will put family members in the best
position to try and assess the likely amount of the award under the Fund and
decide whether to participate in the Fund or to pursue a tort claim.

    Whatever the Special Master's intention with regard to these issues,
potential claimants would benefit by the promulgation of a Final Rule that
clarifies the Special Master's intentions in regard to these points so that they
may make informed decisions as to whether to participate in the Fund.

    Again, thank you for your consideration of these points, and for the hard
work and thoughtfulness that your office has devoted to this matter.


        Very truly yours,
                      
Individual Comment
Stamford, CT 


 
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Saturday, November 17, 2001 2:02 PM
(no subject)

my husband is a victim of the wtc tragedy.  i have read the proposal, but 
feel that if my husband and I thought about life insurance and having been 
paying life insurance for years, why would that penalize us now.  there is no 
reason why that the life insurance should be deducted from the settlement.  
thank you for all the hard work you are putting into this.

Individual Comment
 
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              <text>
Wednesday, December 19, 2001 8:41 AM
Equal Access to Crisis Relief benefits


December  19, 2001

Dear Mr. Kenneth Zwick,

I write as a member of Amnesty International, a worldwide human rights
movement committed to ensuring respect for the basic human rights of people
without discrimination, in support of equal access to benefits under the
September 11 Victims Relief Fund for all victims, regardless of sexual
orientation or marital status. As you know, the United States has
committed to uphold international human rights standards, including the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights, which prohibit arbitrary discrimination.
  
As you consider rules for administering the relief fund, I ask that you
apply basic international human rights standards, and the general principle
of equality, by including among relatives eligible for compensation those
who lost their life partners, as well as de facto parents or children,
without regard to sexual orientation or marital status.  The State of New
York has already adopted such a policy, granting compensation benefits "on
a showing of mutual interdependence with the victim, in recognition that
anyone who shared with the victim living expenses, day to day activities
and the emotional bonds of family deserves help in this time of need."

Many lesbian and gay people were killed in the September 11th attacks.
Since then, lesbian and gay surviving partners of those killed have had
mixed results in obtaining equal treatment at the local level in the
distribution of relief funds by private and state agencies.  An inclusive
policy on the part of the federal government would help establish an
important principle for other such funds.  In compensating victims, real
justice will be served only when all families - and all types of families -
impacted by the human rights tragedy of September 11 are treated with
dignity and equality. 

Thank you for considering my concerns. I look forward to hearing from you
about your efforts to ensure that all surviving victims of the September 11
attacks have equal access to the relief fund.


Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Campbellsville, TN

 
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              </elementText>
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